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时态详解：一般过去时
1. 一般过去时的应用
(1) 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。
Liu Ying was in America last year.
Jim rang you just now.
(2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常接时间副词often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week。
We often went out for a walk after supper.
We usually played together.
2. 一般过去时的定义
一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。
3. 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求
一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则：
(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered,, sign—signed.
(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。
(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加—ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied. destroy— destroyed
(4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned. open，visit
二、常用一般过去时态的几种情况 (信号词)
(一)先看句子中是否有表示过去的时间状语。在以下的几种情况下，要用一般过去时：
1、Tom was born in 1990.
句子中有“介词＋表示过去时间的名词，构成的短语，如in 1949，on March fifth等时。
2、He went to Bejing with his parents yesterday.
句子中有表示时间的副词yesterday，或由yesterday构成的短语，如 yesterday morning，after-noon／evening， the day before yesterday等。
3、My father came to the school three years ago.
句子中有”时间段＋ago"构成的短语，如five days ago，two years ago等时。
4、We visited the Great Wall last Sunday.
句子中有”last＋我表示时间的名词”构成的短语，如last year，last month等时。
5、Your friend once telephoned to say goodbye to you.
I went to your home just now.
句子中有其它表示过去的词语或短语，如once，then，just now，a moment ago等时。
(二)句子中找不到。明显的时间状语，此时就要通过上下文来判断。一般来说，如果问句或答句用的是一般过去时，那么答句和问句也要用一般过去时。例如：
－How long did you live there?
－We lived there for about one year.
(三)两个或两个以上的动词用and连接时，如果前一个动词是一般过去时，那么后面的动词也要用一般过去时。
She put on her clothes and ran to the school.她穿上衣服往学校跑去。
They talked，laughed and walked to the village.他们说着、笑着往那个村庄走去。
(四)在讲故事或讲述过去的经历时，常用一般过去时。例如：
Once there was an old man，He lived bv a river，He went out to catch fish every morning.
一、熟记掌握下列(不)规则动调的过去式：
1、go______ 2、do______ 3、have／has______ 4、am／is______ 5、are_____
6、am not/isn’t______ 7、aren’t______8、don’t／doesn’t______ 9、study______
10、play______11、see______ 12、get______ 13、come_____14、cat_____ 15、drink______
16、write_________17、stay_____ 18、take______ 19、sit______20、buy___
21、sell_______ 22leave_______23、meet______ 24、read______
二、用所给词的适当形式填空空：
1,All the books______(be)not here, but they______(be)here a moment ago.
2,It______(be)there just now，but it isn’t there now.
3,Tom______(go)to visit a farm last week.
4,The twins_______(water)the flowers in the garden yesterday morning.
5,I______(watch)a film with my friend last Friday.
6,My father______(be)in London last year.
7,What_______(do)you do three days ago?
8,________(be) there any parks in the town in 1950?
9,Where______(be)you just now?I_______(be)in the classroom.
10,What_______you_______(do) last Friday? We_______(water)trees on the farm.
三、按要求改写句子。
1、else，did，last night，what，do，you.(连词成句)
What______ _______you do last night?
2,We are all happy.(改成一般过去时)We_______all happy.
5、Where are you now?(用just now代替now)
6、There were some zebras in the last year.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
五、改错题
1How is Jane yesterday?_______________________________________________ 2He go to school by bus last week._________________________________________ 3He often goeshome at 6:00 last morning
4I can fly kites seven years ago._______________________________________ 5Did you saw himjust now.____________________________________
6Tom wasn’t watch TV last nihgt.________________________________________ 7Who find it just now?__________________________________
不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳
A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.
1 cost----cost----cost 2 cut----cut----cut put----put----put
3 let----let----let 4 set----set----set hit----hit----hit
5 shut----shut----shut 6 hurt---hurt----hurt
6 read---read----read 读音 /e/
7 lie---lied---lied 说谎
8 lay---laid---laid 放置，下蛋
9 lay--- lain 躺下，位于，平放
B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同
一. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是〔 :t〕
1 bright----brought----brought
2 think----thought----thought
3 buy----bought----bought
4 catch----caught----caught
5 teach ---- taught ----taught
二. 动词原形中的e为o，变成过去式和过去分词。
1 get----got----got
2 sell----sold----sold
3 tell----told----told
三. 动词原形中i为a
1 sit----sat----sat
2 spit----spat----spat
四. 动词原形中i为o
1 win----won----won
2 shine----shone/ shined----shone / shined【water的过去式,】
五. 动词原形中an为oo
1 stand----stood---stood
2 understand----understood----understood
六. 动词原形中的ay为ai
1 say----said----said
2 pay----paid----paid
七. a）动词原形中的d为t
1 send----sent----sent
2lend----lent----lent
3spend----spent----spent
4 build----built----built
七b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t
1 smell----smelt----smelt
2 lose----lost----lost
七c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t
1 learn----learnt----learnt
2mean----meant----meant 读音/e/
七d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/
1 feel----felt----felt
2 sleep----slept----slept
3 sweep---swept----swept
4 keep---- kept----- kept
其它
meet----met----met have----had----had
hold----held----held make----made----made
dig----dug----dug hear----heard----heard
find----found----found hang----hung ----hung
C.原型与过去分词相同
1come----came----come
2 run----ran----run
3 become----became----become
D. 原形，过去式， 和 过去分词完全不同
1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式，改成u变成过去分词．
1 begin ---- began -----begun
2 drink---drank----drunk
3 ring----rang-----rung
4 swim----swam----swum
5 sing----sang----sung
2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式，在原形词尾加n变成过去分词．
1blow----blew----blown
2 grow----grew----grown
3 know---knew---known
4 throw ---- threw ---- thrown
5 fly ----flew /flu:/ ----flown ( 和以上相似)
3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾，故把它们分为一类．
a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式，在词尾加n变成过去分词．
1 drive----drove----driven
2 rise---rose---risen
3 write---wrote---written (双写t )
4 ride----rode----ridden (双写d )
b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式，在过去式后加n变成过去分词．
1 speak----spoke----spoken
2 steal----stole----stolen
3 break----broke----broken
c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词．
1 wake----woke----woken
2 freeze----froze----frozen
3 choose----chose----chosen
4 forget----forgot----forgotten （双写t，加en ）
d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词
1 eat----ate----eaten
2 beat---- beat ---- beaten
3 fall----fell----fallen
4 give----gave----given
5 see----saw----seen
6 take----took----taken
7 mistake---- mistook----- mistaken
8 hide----hid----hidden （双写d ）
E. 没有过去分词的动词
1 can ----- could
2 may---- might
3 shall---- should
4 will ---- would
其它
1 am, is ---- was----- been
2 are-----were----- been
3 do-----did----- done
4 draw-----drew----- drawn
5 go-----went----- gone
6 show----showed----shown
7wear--- wore ---- worn
1. 把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。过去分词不变．如：
become—became, come—came
2．把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如：
begin—began drink—drank
give—gave ring—rang
sing—sang sit—sat
swim—swam sink—sank，
3．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：
drive—drove ride—rode
shine—shone win—won
write—wrote
4．动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：
get—got forget—forgot
5．动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：
keep—kept sleep—slept
sweep—swept
6. 动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如：
stand—stood understand—understood
7．改动词原形中的aw ／ow为ew，变成过去式。如： draw—drew grow—grew
know—knew throw—threw
（动词show除外，show—showed）
8．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：
break—broke speak—spoke
9．动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：
sell—sold tell—told
10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如： bring—brought buy—bought
think—thought catch—caught
teach—taught
11．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如： can—could shall—should
will—would
12．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕 say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕， mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕 dream—dreamt 〔dremt〕
13．动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：
cut—cut hit—hit
hurt—hurt, let—let
must—must put—put
read—read〔red〕 set—set
14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如：
常用的动词的过去式和过去分词及汉意
1. cut----------cut----------cut hit----------hit----------hit
2. let----------let-----------let put----------put----------put
3. read----------read----------read shut----------shut----------shut
1. bring----------brought----------brought buy----------bought----------bought
2. catch----------caught----------caught teach----------taught----------taught
3. feel----------felt----------felt
4. get----------got----------got
5. hear----------heard----------heard
6. lose----------lost----------lost
7. say----------said----------said
8. sit----------sat----------sat
9. stand----------stood----------stood
10. tell----------told----------told
11. think----------thought----------thought
12. spend----------spent----------spent
1. come----------came----------come
2. draw----------drew----------drawn
3. grow----------grew----------grown
4. fly----------flew----------flown
5. throw----------threw----------thrown
1. break----------broke----------broken
2. give----------gave----------given
3. write----------wrote----------written
4. see----------saw----------seen
5. steal----------stole----------stolen
6. be----------was/were----------been
7. run----------ran----------run
8. wake----------woke----------woken
find----------found----------found have----------had----------had leave----------left----------left make----------made----------made sell----------sold----------sold sleep----------slept----------slept sweep----------swept----------swept build----------built----------built meet----------met----------met hold----------held----------held do----------did----------done begin----------began----------begun ring----------rang----------rung drink----------drank----------drunk swim----------swam----------swum drive----------drove----------driven wear----------wore----------worn go----------went----------gone speak----------spoke----------spoken take----------took----------taken eat----------ate----------eaten shake----------shook----------shaken
8B词性转换练习
1) Do you know the seven _______________ of the world? (wonderful)
2) Fresh air and exercise _______________ healthy bodies. (developing)
3) Fried food tastes quite good, but in fact it is _______________ food. (health)
4) His voice sounds quite _______________ on the phone. (difference)
5) 150 billion yuan will be used to deal with problems like environmental ______________ and education in the countryside. (pollute)
6) After a long holiday, Alisa looked ______________ than before. (health)
7) He hurried to Shanghai Library to get ______________ information. (far)
8) Motorbikes are lots of fun, but they can also be ______________. (danger)
9) Typhoon Saomai caused the ______________of at least 200 people in southeast China in August 2006. (die)
10) To our great joy, Yang Liwei, the first astronaut of China returned to the earth ____________. ( safe )
11) We are doing a project on how ______________ the computers are used. (wide)
12 ) We bought a new house near the beach because life there is peaceful and ________. (enjoy)
13) Every year, a lot of foreign ___________come to Shanghai for sightseeing. (visit)
14) I notice that the buses in Paris are smaller and _____than those in London. (noise)
15) It is ______________ to swim in a swimming-pool than in a river. (save)
16 ) Jessica is dreaming of being an ______________. (act)
17) Paris is the capital of ______________. (French)
18) Some ______________ will join us in the outdoor party tomorrow. (France)
19) Something is wrong with the ______________ rice cooker. (electricity)
20) Tell me the ______________, boy. (true)
21) The street must be ______________ at once. (widely)
22) The teachers ______________ the matter the other day. (discussion)
23) Although he is 80 years old, he is still ______________. (act)
24) Each of the ______________ will be given a digital camera. (win)
25) Our club has got a large ______________ of butterflies. (collect)
26) We don't know if there are any ____________ things on other planets. (live)
27) Where is Tommy? Has he gone to the ____________ laboratory. (physical)
28) You are no kids. You are old enough to ____________ on your future yourselves. (decision)
29) All the ____________ have been cancelled because of a fierce typhoon. (fly)
30) Every March 5 marks the ____________ of China's "Lei Feng Month". (begin)
31) Luckily, some people are still ____________ after the tsunami (海啸), (live)
32) Mr. Reagan, the lifesaver, has ____________ over sixty lives in the swimming-pool. (safety)
33) The weather in April is usually ____________. (change)
34) We must make a ____________ about what to do next by tomorrow. (decide)
35) James Watt was one of the greatest ____________ at that time. (science)
36) WHO is one of the most important in the world. (organize)
37) Excuse me, where is the to the exhibition hall? (enter)
38) No, it isn't a change. (chemistry )
39) Please fill your name, age, address and in the application form. (nation)
40) The. man raised his hand weakly and tried to say something. (death)
41) Two weeks ago, two bank happened in the center of the city. (rob)
42) Your sound really good and reasonable. (suggest)
43) The Bund Sightseeing Tunnel is very , isn’t it?. (attract)
44) If you want to get further information, you can call the local office. (tour)
45) Children can take up a foreign language with fun . (active)
46)We are trying to make Shanghai in 2010. (beautiful)
47)He told us such an story that all of us were pleased to hear it. (interest)
48)She never takes her mother’s seriously. (advise)
49) Water, one of the most important recources, is very precious in dry regions. (nature)
50) He looked when he heard the news. (anger)
51) Rodgers often tells stories. Some of us don’t like him. (frighten)
52) Taihu, China’s third largest freshwater lake, was polluted in late May, 2007. (serious)
53) Northwest Xinjiang has planned to build the world’s largest park. (nation)
54) I think that the man over there is a professional footballer. (person)
55) He couldn’t get to sleep last night and feels quite now. (sleep)
56) Joyce wanted to write some articles on visit to other countries. (education)
57) At the end of yesterday’s speech, Professor Wang a few points to show his agreement. (addition)
58) The student is working hard to the difficult problem. (solution)
59) Pollution is harmful to people’s health. In , it’s harmful to plants and animals. (add)【water的过去式,】
60) Not all the sports items are to people’s health. Some of them may be . (help) (harm)
61) He managed to overcome the one after another and succeeded at last. (difficult)
62) Alice is fond of food, but I don’t care for it. (Italy)
63) She hoped that her son would become a football player. ( professor)
64) The company is a world in electrical goods. (lead)
65)There are fewer and fewer lands here. (agriculture)
66) My ambition is to become a fashion in the future. (design)
67) Trees are our best against pollution. (fight)
68) Henry the meaning of the words to his son. (explanation)
69)Flute is a kind of instrument. (music)
70)Could you the man who attacked you last night? (description)
71)Betty’s mother is one of the leading in this company. (engine)
72) Kally is a very successful . (manage)
73) On November 26,2005, a rich Indian man broke the for the highest flight in a hot-air balloon. (recorder)
74) Hello! Would you come in to meet Mr. Li who is in charge of the of the hotel) (manage)
75) The lady said that she felt sorry about it. (truth)
76) Mickey Mouse is one of ___________ Disney cartoon characters. (uninteresting)
77) She doesn’t like her uncle. He always ____________ her with the same story. (bored)
78) She showed her ____________ by waving her hands to the audience. (excite)
79) The scientist made a successful ____________ on space yesterday afternoon. (speak)
80) Every person feels ___________ about the _________ news of the construction of the underground.(excite)
81) There is some _________ chicken in the fridge. (freeze)
82) “Help!” a voice said ___________(loud)
83) A busy street is a ___________ to children. (dangerous)
84) We should __________ the people heart and soul（全心全意）. (service)
85) Can’t you stop ___________ the poor puppy. (foolish)
86) David Brown works as an ____________ engineer in the factory. (electricity)
87) A highway _________ the two cities. (connection)
88) It is ____________ of you to interrupt others. (politely)
89) She ___________ to me why she got angry all of a sudden. (explanation)
90) We receive our water and electricity bill ____________ (month)
91) As a nurse, you mustn’t be __________with the patients. (petient).
92) Aunt Lee is beter now. The doctor here _________ her with a new drug. (treatment)
93) October was the month of the British general ____________. (elect)
94) They __________ another development program to the government. (suggestion)
95) I’m afraid you’ve made the wrong__________.(decide)
96) His explanation is ____________ and to the point. (briefly)
97) There is no __________ in this matterr. (choose)
98) Mt. Fuji is __________ from Tokyo on a fine day. (invisible)
99) My sister is such a ___________ that she keeps crying all day and all night.(scream)
100) Alice hasn’t seen her cat for days. She’s so ___________(worry)
101) Tom was ___________ at the news. (puzzle)
102) I was sitting ___________ in an airplane seat after a lovely vacation in Garden City. (comfortable) 103) Good friends should be ___________(cheer)
104) What’s the ___________(mean) of the word?
105) He is very _________, so he always makes much mistakes in his exams. (care)
106) How much water is used to brush your _________ each day?(tooth)
107) I didn’t enjoy it. It was too ___________ for me. (frighten)
108) He didn’t need any help. He _______ (manage) to do it himself.
109) She listened to his ______________ (describe) of the mountain area.
110) You can ask for information at the __________(receive) desk.
111) This is an interview between a famous actress and one of the ______ from China Daily. (report) 112) Though it was late, he still caught the last train ________. (lucky)
113) The supermarket has received a lot of _____________ about the quality of their products. (complain) 114) The weather in spring is so ___________ that many od us have caught a bad cold. (change) 115) Oh, How white your ___________ are!(tooth)
116) He is one of the most famous ____________ in the world. (piano)
117) The sun ______________ behind a cloud at that time. (appear).
118) Although he is over 70 he is still ____________. (action)
119) The telephone is a wonderful ______________. (invent)
120) ___________ my spelling if it’s wrong. (correction)
121) I’m not __________ so late. (usual)
122) She was very _____________ at the sight of snake on the grass.(frighten)
123) Jach wants to be a ____________ in the future. (music)
124) Do the __________ ever come back to life?(die)
125) She received the bad news in ___________ (silent).
Keys:
1) wonders 2) develop 3) unhealthy 4) different 5) pollution
6) healthier 7) further 8) dangerous 9) death 10) safely
11) widely 12) enjoyable 13) visitors 14) noisier 15) safer
16) actress 17) France 18) Frenchmen 19) electric 20) truth
21) widened 22) discussed 23) active 24) winners 25) collection
26) living 27) physics 28) decide 29) flights 30) beginning
31) alive 32) saved 33) changeable 34) decision 35) scientists
36) organizations 37) entrance 38) chemical 39) nationality 40) dying
41) robberies 42) suggestions 43) attractive 44) tourist 45) activities
46) more beautiful 47) interesting 48) advice 49) natural 50) angry
51) frightening 52) seriously 53) international 54) personally 55) sleepy
56) educational 57) added 58) solve 59) addition 60) helpful, harmful
61) difficulties 62) Italian 63) professional 64) leader
65) agricultural 66) designer 67) fighters 68) explained 69)musical
70) describe 71) engineers 72) manager 73) record 74) management
75) truly 76) the most interesting 77) bores 78) excitement 79) speech
80) excitd, exciting 81) frozen 82) loudly 83) danger 84) serve
85) fooling 86) electrical 87) connects 88) impolite 89) explained
90) monthly 91) impatient 92) treats 93) election 94) suggested
95) decision 96) brief 97) choice 98) visible 99) screamer
100) worried 101) puzzled 102) comfortably 103) cheerful 104) meaning
105) careless 106) teeth 107) frightening 108) managed 109) decription
110) reception 111) reporters 112) luckily 113) complaints 114) changeable 115) teeth 116) pianists 117) appeared 118) active 119) invention
120) Correct 121) usually 122) frightened 123) musician 124) dead
125) silence
不规则动词的过去式和过去分词变化规则表1：
1、A—A—A型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。
cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let—let
put—put—put read—read—read
2、A—B—B型，即过去式、过去分词相同。
1)过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。
bring—brought—brought buy—bought—bought think—thought—thought
fight-fought-fought
2) 词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。
build—built—built lend—lent— lent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent
3) 过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。
catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught
4) 把-eep变为-ept。
keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep— swept—swept
5) 把-ell变为-old。
tell—told—told sell—sold—sold
6) 过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。
smell—smelt—smelt spell—spelt—spelt feel—felt—felt
7) 过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。
learn—learnt—learnt mean—meant—meant
8) 过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id。
say—said—said pay—paid—paid lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard
9) 改变元音字母。
meet—met—met get—got—got sit—sat—sat find—found—found hold—held—held shine—shone—shone win—won—won hang—hung—hung lose—lost—lost
10) 改变辅音字母。
make—made—made
11) 改变元、辅音字母。
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