【www.gbppp.com--经典美文】
习近平主席在核安全峰会上的讲话要点（双语）
国家主席习近平3月24日在荷兰海牙举行的第三届核安全峰会（Nuclear Security Summit）上发表讲话，阐述了中国的核安全观。以下为讲话要点双语对照：
核能的开发利用给人类发展带来了新的动力，人类必须应对好各种核安全挑战，维护好核材料和核设施安全。
The use of nuclear energy gave new impetus to the progress of humanity, yet
mankind must be able to respond to various nuclear security challenges, and ensure the safety of nuclear materials and facilities.
发展和安全并重，以确保安全为前提发展核能事业。
The world should place equal emphasis on development and security, and develop nuclear energy on the premise of security.
任何以牺牲安全为代价的核能发展都难以持续，都不是真正的发展。
Developing nuclear energy at the expense of security can neither be sustainable nor bring real development.
权利和义务并重，以尊重各国权益为基础推进国际核安全进程。
Rights and obligations should be given same attention, and rights and interests ought to be recognized with international nuclear security process being pushed forward.
各国要切实履行核安全国际法律文书规定的义务，全面执行联合国安理会有关决议。 All nations should fulfill their duties under international legal instruments regarding nuclear security, and implement relevant UN Security Council resolutions.
在强调各国履行有关国际义务的同时，也要尊重各国根据本国国情采取最适合自己的核安全政策和举措的权利。
While addressing the importance of countries honoring their international obligations, we should respect their right to adopt nuclear security policies and measures best suited to their specific conditions.
自主和协作并重，以互利共赢为途径寻求普遍核安全。
The international community should attach equal importance to independent and collaborative efforts, and seek universal nuclear security through win-win cooperation.
我们要加强交流、互鉴共享，有关多边机制和倡议要统筹协调、协同努力。
We should strengthen exchanges to learn from each other and share experience, and improve coordination between the relevant multilateral mechanisms and initiatives.
治标和治本并重，以消除根源为目标全面推进核安全努力。
The world should place equal emphasis on treating symptoms and causes, and advance the nuclear security endeavor in all respects in a bid to remove risks at the root.
完善核安全政策举措，发展现代化和低风险的核能技术，坚持核材料供需平衡，加强防扩散出口控制，深化打击核恐怖主义的国际合作，是消除核安全隐患和核扩散风险的直接和有效途径。
To effectively eliminate risks of nuclear security and nuclear proliferation, the
international community should improve relevant policies and measures, and develop modern, low-risk nuclear energy technologies, maintain balanced supply and demand of nuclear materials, strengthen non-proliferation efforts, and promote international cooperation against nuclear terrorism.
中国一向把核安全工作放在和平利用核能事业的首要位置，发展核能事业50多年来，中国保持了良好的核安全记录。
China gives top priority to nuclear security in the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and has maintained a good record of nuclear security over the past 50 years.
中国将增强自身核安全能力，构建国际核安全体系，支持核安全国际合作，维护地区和世界和平稳定。
China will continue to strengthen its own nuclear security capability, build the
international nuclear security system, support global cooperation, and uphold regional and global peace and stability. 中国的“核安全观”
Chinese President Xi Jinping elaborated on his country's approach to nuclear
security at the third Nuclear Security Summit (NSS) on Monday, urging global
cooperation for nuclear energy's lasting security and development.
中国国家主席习近平周一在第三届核安全峰会上阐述了中国的核安全观，呼吁国际社会携手合作，实现核能持久安全和发展。
中国的“核安全观”（approach to nuclear security）具体包括四个方面的内容：发展和安全并重，以确保安全为前提发展核能事业（the world should place equal emphasis on development and security, and develop nuclear energy on the premise of
security）；权利和义务并重，以尊重各国权益为基础推进国际核安全进程（rights and obligations should be given same attention, and rights and interests ought to be recognized with international nuclear security process being pushed forward）；自主和协作并重，以互利共赢为途径寻求普遍核安全（the international community should attach equal importance to independent and collaborative efforts, and seek
universal nuclear security through win-win cooperation）；治标和治本并重，以消除根源为目标全面推进核安全努力（the world should place equal emphasis on treating symptoms and causes, and advance the nuclear security endeavor in all respects in a bid to remove risks at the root）。
为防患于未然，中国全面采取了核安全保障举措，着力提高核安全技术水平，提高核安全应急能力（improved technology and emergency response），对全国核设施开展了全面安全检查（conducted comprehensive nuclear security checks on nuclear facilities across the country），确保所有核材料和核设施得到有效安全保障。 奥巴马在核安全峰会全体会议开幕式上的讲话
核安全峰会（Nuclear Security Summit）于4月13日上午在华盛顿举行全体会议，美国总统奥巴马在开幕式上致辞。
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning, everybody. I'd like to get started. Let me begin by thanking all of you for your participation last night. I thought it was a very important discussion.
总统：各位早上好。现在会议开始。首先感谢诸位参加昨晚的活动，我认为我们进行了非常重要的讨论。
Before I begin, I want to take this moment once again to acknowledge the terrible tragedy that struck the Polish people this weekend. We are joined today by a distinguished delegation from Poland, led by Ambassador Kupiecki. Mr. Ambassador, all of us were shocked and deeply saddened by the devastating loss of President Kaczynski, the First Lady, and so many distinguished civilian and military leaders from your country. This was a loss, not just for Poland, but for the world.
在进入会议程序之前，我想利用这一时刻再次就上个周末发生的悲惨事件向波兰人民表示慰问。今天，由库比埃基大使率领的尊贵的波兰代表团在此参加会议。大使先生，我们大家都为痛失卡钦斯基总统、第一夫人和贵国如此众多的军政领导人而深感震惊和哀伤。这不仅是波兰的损失，也是世界的损失。
As a close friend and ally, the United States stands with Poland and Poles everywhere in these very difficult days. As an international community, I know that we will all rally around the Polish people, who have shown extraordinary strength and resilience throughout their history. So our hearts go out to your people. Our thoughts and prayers are with them. We join them in this time of mourning. And so, if everybody is agreeable, I would like to ask for a moment of silence to show that solidarity and to honor those who were lost.
在这些困难的日子里，美国作为亲密的盟友与波兰和全世界的波兰人站在一起。作为国际大家庭，我知道我们大家都会团结在波兰人民的周围，波兰人民在其整个历史中始终显示出非凡的力量和坚毅的精神。我们对贵国人民深表同情。我们与他们一道思念和祈祷。我们在这一时刻与他们共同哀悼。为此，如果大家同意，我提议大家默哀片刻，以表示我们心心相连，并向遇难者表示敬意。
(Pause for moment of silence.)
（默哀）
Thank you. It is my privilege to welcome you to Washington and to formally convene this historic summit. We represent 47 nations from every region of the world, and I thank each of you for being here. This is an unprecedented gathering to address an unprecedented threat.
谢谢。能够在此欢迎你们来到华盛顿，正式举行这个历史性峰会，我深感荣幸。我们代表了来自全世界各地区的47个国家，我感谢你们每一个人的光临。这是一次为应对前所未有的威胁而举行的史无前例的会议。
Two decades after the end of the Cold War, we face a cruel irony of history -- the risk of a nuclear confrontation between nations has gone down, but the risk of nuclear attack has gone up.
在冷战结束20年后，我们面对历史的无情讽刺——国家之间发生核对抗的风险下降了，但核攻击的危险却上升了。
Nuclear materials that could be sold or stolen and fashioned into a nuclear weapon exist in dozens of nations. Just the smallest amount of plutonium -- about the size of an apple -- could kill and injure hundreds of thousands of innocent people. Terrorist networks such as al Qaeda have tried to acquire the material for a nuclear weapon, and if they ever
succeeded, they would surely use it. Were they to do so, it would be a catastrophe for the world -- causing extraordinary loss of life, and striking a major blow to global peace and stability.
可能被出售、盗窃和制成核武器的核材料存在于数十个国家。哪怕是最少量的钚——苹果般大小的钚——都有可能造成数十万无辜者的伤亡。“基地”组织之类的恐怖网络企图获取制造核武器的材料，他们一旦得逞，毫无疑问会使用这种武器。如果他们这么做，将给世界带来巨大的灾难，造成生命的巨大损失，使世界和平与稳定遭受重大的打击。
In short, it is increasingly clear that the danger of nuclear terrorism is one of the greatest threats to global security -- to our collective security.
简言之，人们越来越清楚地看到，核恐怖主义危险构成对全球安全，对我们的共同安全最重大的威胁之一。
And that's why, one year ago today in -- one year ago in Prague, I called for a new international effort to secure all vulnerable nuclear materials around the world in four years. This is one part of a broader, comprehensive agenda that the United States is pursuing -- including reducing our nuclear arsenal and stopping the spread of nuclear weapons -- an agenda that will bring us closer to our ultimate goal of a world without nuclear weapons.
正是因为这个原因，一年前的今天——一年前我在布拉格呼吁国际社会作出新的努力，用四年时间确保世界各地所有易散失的核材料得到安全保障。这是美国正在寻求的、包括削减我们的核库存和制止核扩散在内的、更广泛更全面的议程的一个组成部分。该议程将使我们更接近一个没有核武器的世界这一最终目标。
Over the past year, we've made progress. At the United Nations Security Council last fall, we unanimously passed Resolution 1887 endorsing this comprehensive agenda,
including the goal of securing all nuclear materials. Last night, in closed session, I believe we made further progress, pursuing a shared understanding of the grave threat to our people.
在过去一年中，我们已经取得了进展。去年秋季，在联合国安理会的会议上，我们一致通过了第1887号决议，支持此一综合性议程，包括保障全部核材料安全的目标。我认为，在昨晚的非公开会议中，我们努力尝试就各国人民面临的这一严重威胁达成共识，取得了进一步的进展。
And today, we have the opportunity to take the next steps.
今天，我们有机会来采取以后的步骤。
We have the opportunity, as individual nations, to take specific and concrete actions to secure the nuclear materials in our countries and to prevent illicit trafficking and smuggling. That will be our focus this morning.
世界各国都有机会采取具体、切实的步骤来保障其国内核材料的安全，防止非法贩运和走私，这将是我们今天上午讨论的重点。
We have the opportunity to strengthen the International Atomic Energy Agency, the IAEA, with the resources and authorities it needs to meet its responsibilities. That will be our focus at our working lunch.
我们有机会给予国际原子能机构（IAEA）履行其职责所需的更多资源和权力，以增强其功能，这将是我们工作午餐的主题。
We have the opportunity, as an international community, to deepen our cooperation and to strengthen the institutions and partnerships that help prevent nuclear materials from ever falling into the hands of terrorists. And that will be our focus this afternoon.
国际社会有机会深化我们之间的合作并强化各种机制和伙伴关系，确保核材料永远不致落入恐怖分子之手，这将是我们今天下午讨论的重点。
And we have the opportunity, as partners, to ensure that our progress is not a fleeting moment, but part of a serious and sustained effort. And that's why I am so pleased to announce that President Lee has agreed to host the next Nuclear Security Summit in the Republic of Korea in two years. This reflects South Korea's leadership, regionally and globally, and I thank President Lee and the South Korean people for their willingness to accept this responsibility.
作为合作伙伴，我们都有机会参与，以保证我们所取得的进展不是昙花一现，而是一项认真、持久的努力的一部分。因此，我很高兴地在此宣布，李总统同意两年后在韩国主持下一届核安全峰会。这项承诺体现了韩国在地区和全球事务中所发挥的领导作用。我感谢李总统和韩国人民乐于承担这项责任。
I'd ask President Lee just to say a few words.
下面我请李总统讲几句话。
PRESIDENT LEE: Thank you for all colleagues for supporting Korea to host next summit in 2012.
感谢所有支持韩国在2012年主持下一届核安全峰会的同事们。
I assure you I will do best to make this summit a success. So I hope to see all of you in Korea. Thank you. (Appause.)
我向各位保证我将尽最大的努力使峰会圆满成功，我也希望在韩国与大家再次见面。谢谢。 THE PRESIDENT: Thank you very much.
总统：非常感谢。
So today is an opportunity -- not simply to talk, but to act. Not simply to make pledges, but to make real progress on the security of our people. All this, in turn, requires something else, which is something more fundamental. It will require a new mindset -- that we
summon the will, as nations and as partners, to do what this moment in history demands. 因此，今天是一个机会，不只是一个讨论的机会，还是一个行动的机会。不只是作出承诺，还要在保障我们各国人民的安全方面取得切实进展。而所有这一切又对我们提出了另一项要求，一项更关键的要求。要求我们有一种新思维——要求世界各国作为合作伙伴下定决心，响应这一历史时刻的召唤。
I believe strongly that the problems of the 21st century cannot be solved by any one nation acting in isolation. They must be solved by all of us coming together.
关于习近平出席第四届核安全峰会讲话感悟
国家主席习近平4月1日在美国首都华盛顿举行的第四届核安全峰会上发表题为《加强国际核安全体系，推进全球核安全治理》的重要讲话，围绕构建公平、合作、共赢的国际核安全体系，全面阐述中国政策主张，介绍中国在核安全领域取得的新进展，宣布中国加强本国核安全并积极推进国际合作的举措。
对于习近平主席在国际核峰会上的讲话和态度我深感佩服，这些言语充分的体现了中国核安全观念和维护世界和平的决心。我国在核安全上坚持言出必行的原则，忠实履行国际义务的政治承诺；中国心怀合作共赢的愿景，积极推动国际交流合作。对于韩国的核问题，我觉得这是自卫的表现，但更是对于国际核安全的不负责任，是一种“核流氓”行为。
安工131 杨井玉 2013121708
2010年4月13日，首届核安全峰会在华盛顿发表公报。全文如下： Communiqué of the Washington Nuclear Security Summit
April 13, 2010
华盛顿核安全峰会公报全文
2010年4月13日
Nuclear terrorism is one of the most challenging threats to international security, and strong nuclear security measures are the most effective means to prevent terrorists, criminals, or other unauthorized actors from acquiring nuclear materials.
核恐怖主义是对国际安全最具挑战性的威胁之一，强有力的核安全措施是防止恐怖分子、犯罪分子及其他非授权行为者获取核材料的最有效途径。
In addition to our shared goals of nuclear disarmament, nuclear nonproliferation and peaceful uses of nuclear energy, we also all share the objective of nuclear
security. Therefore those gathered here in Washington, D.C. on April 13, 2010, commit to strengthen nuclear security and reduce the threat of nuclear terrorism. Success will require responsible national actions and sustained and effective international cooperation. 除了在核裁军、核不扩散及和平利用核能方面有共同目标之外，我们在核安全方面也有共同的目标。因此，我们于2010年4月13日齐聚华盛顿哥伦比亚特区，承诺加强核安全和减少核恐怖主义威胁。这方面的成功需要负责任的国家行动以及持续和有效的国际合作。 We welcome and join President Obama’s call to secure all vulnerable nuclear material in four years, as we work together to enhance nuclear security.
基于我们为增进核安全而共同努力，我们欢迎并与奥巴马总统共同呼吁在4年内确保所有易流失核材料安全。
Therefore, we:
鉴此，我们：
1. Reaffirm the fundamental responsibility of States, consistent with their respective international obligations, to maintain effective security of all
nuclear materials, which includes nuclear materials used in nuclear weapons, and nuclear facilities under their control; to prevent non-state actors from obtaining the information or technology required to use such material for malicious purposes; and emphasize the importance of robust national
legislative and regulatory frameworks for nuclear security;
1、重申各国根据各自国际义务，对维护各自控制的所有核材料，包括核武器中使用的核材料，及核设施的有效安全，以及对防止非国家行为者获取恶意使用此类材料所需的信息或技术负有根本责任；强调建立强有力的国家核安全立法和监管框架的重要性；
2. Call on States to work cooperatively as an international community to
advance nuclear security, requesting and providing assistance as necessary;
2、呼吁各国作为国际社会整体为增进核安全作出共同努力，并在必要时寻求和提供协助；
3. Recognize that highly enriched uranium and separated plutonium require special precautions and agree to promote measures to secure, account for, and consolidate these materials, as appropriate; and encourage the conversion of reactors from highly enriched to low enriched uranium fuel and minimization of use of highly enriched uranium, where technically and economically feasible;
3、确认高浓铀和分离钚需要采取特别防范措施，同意在适当情况下推动采取措施加强此类材料的安全、衡算和集中存放；在技术和经济可行的情况下，鼓励将使用高浓铀的反应堆转化为使用低浓铀，并最大限度减少使用高浓铀；
4. Endeavor to fully implement all existing nuclear security commitments and work toward acceding to those not yet joined, consistent with national laws, policies and procedures;
4、致力于全面履行所有现行核安全承诺，并根据各自国内法律、政策和程序努力加入那些尚未加入的承诺；
5. Support the objectives of international nuclear security instruments,
including the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material, as amended, and the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism, as essential elements of the global nuclear security
architecture;
5、支持将经修订的《核材料实物保护公约》和《制止核恐怖主义行为国际公约》等国际核安全文书的目标作为全球核安全体系的实质要素；
6. Reaffirm the essential role of the International Atomic Energy Agency in the international nuclear security framework and will work to ensure that it
continues to have the appropriate structure, resources and expertise needed to carry out its mandated nuclear security activities in accordance with its Statute, relevant General Conference resolutions and its Nuclear Security Plans;【核安全峰会】
6、重申国际原子能机构在国际核安全框架中至关重要的作用，并将努力确保该机构继续拥有所需的适当的机制、资源和专业知识，以根据其《规约》、相关大会决议和《核安全计划》，在其授权范围内开展活动；
7. Recognize the role and contributions of the United Nations as well as the contributions of the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism and the G-8-led Global Partnership Against the Spread of Weapons and Materials of Mass Destruction within their respective mandates and memberships;
7、确认联合国的作用和贡献，以及“打击核恐怖主义全球倡议”和八国集团倡导的“应对大规模杀伤性武器和材料扩散全球伙伴计划”在各自授权和成员国范围内的贡献；
8. Acknowledge the need for capacity building for nuclear security and
cooperation at bilateral, regional and multilateral levels for the promotion of nuclear security culture through technology development, human resource development, education, and training; and stress the importance of optimizing international cooperation and coordination of assistance;
8、认识到有必要通过技术开发、人力资源开发、教育和培训加强核安全能力建设，以及在双边、地区和多边层面开展合作促进核安全文化；强调优化国家合作和协调援助的重要性；
9. Recognize the need for cooperation among States to effectively prevent and respond to incidents of illicit nuclear trafficking; and agree to share, subject to respective national laws and procedures, information and expertise through bilateral and multilateral mechanisms in relevant areas such as nuclear detection, forensics, law enforcement, and the development of new
technologies;
9、确认各国有必要就有效防止和应对核非法贩运事件开展合作；同意根据各国法律和程序，通过双边和多边机制，在核探测、分析鉴定、执法和新技术开发等相关领域分享信息和专业知识；
10. Recognize the continuing role of nuclear industry, including the private sector, in nuclear security and will work with industry to ensure the necessary priority of physical protection, material accountancy, and security culture;
10、确认包括私营部门在内的核工业界在核安全方面的持续作用，并将与核工业界共同努力，确保将实物保护、材料衡算及核安全文化置于必要的优先地位；
11. Support the implementation of strong nuclear security practices that will not infringe upon the rights of States to develop and utilize nuclear energy for
peaceful purposes and technology and will facilitate international cooperation in the field of nuclear security; and
11、支持实施强有力的核安全操作规范，同时这些操作规范不应侵害各国为和平目的开发和利用核能和核技术的权利，并将促进核安全领域的国际合作；以及
12. Recognize that measures contributing to nuclear material security have value in relation to the security of radioactive substances and encourage efforts to secure those materials as well.
12、确认有助于核材料安全的措施对于放射性材料安全具有价值，并鼓励为确保此类材料的安全作出努力。维护有效的核安全需要各国在国际合作协助下持续努力，并在自愿基础上采取行动。我们将通过与所有国家开展对话和合作，促进加强全球核安全。
Maintaining effective nuclear security will require continuous national efforts facilitated by international cooperation and undertaken on a voluntary basis by States. We will promote the strengthening of global nuclear security through dialogue and cooperation with all states.
为保持有效的核安全，各国必须在自愿基础上通过国际合作采取持续的国家行动。我们将与所有国家进行对话与合作，推动加强全球核安全。
Thus, we issue the Work Plan as guidance for national and international action including through cooperation within the context of relevant international fora and
organizations. We will hold the next Nuclear Security Summit in the Republic of Korea in 2012.
鉴此，我们发表《峰会工作计划》以指导各国和国际行动，包括在相关国际论坛和组织框架下的合作。我们将于2012年在韩国举行下一届核安全峰会。
习近平出席第三届核安全峰会并发表重要讲话
（2014年3月24日下午，海牙）
中华人民共和国主席 习近平
尊敬的吕特首相，
各位同事：
今天，我们共聚海牙，探讨加强核安全对策，意义十分重大。首先，我谨对吕特首相和荷兰政府为本次峰会所作的积极努力和周到安排，表示衷心的感谢！
上个世纪，原子的发现和核能的开发利用给人类发展带来了新的动力，极大增强了我们认识世界和改造世界的能力。同时，核能发展也伴生着核安全风险和挑战。人类要更好利用核能、实现更大发展，就必须应对好各种核安全挑战，维护好核材料和核设施安全。 各位同事！
加强核安全是一个持续进程。核能事业发展不停步，加强核安全的努力就不能停止。从2010年的华盛顿，到2012年的首尔，再到今天的海牙，核安全峰会承载着凝聚各国共识、深化核安全努力的重要使命。我们要坚持理性、协调、并进的核安全观，把核安全进程纳入健康持续发展的轨道。
第一，发展和安全并重，以确保安全为前提发展核能事业。作为保障能源安全和应对气候变化的重要途径，和平利用核能事业，如同普罗米修斯带到人间的火种，为人类发展点燃了希望之火，拓展了美好前景。同时，如果不能有效保障核能安全，不能妥善应对核材料和
核设施的潜在安全风险，就会给这一美好前景蒙上阴影，甚至带来灾难。要使核能事业发展的希望之火永不熄灭，就必须牢牢坚持安全第一原则。
我们要秉持为发展求安全、以安全促发展的理念，让发展和安全两个目标有机融合，使各国政府和核能企业认识到，任何以牺牲安全为代价的核能发展都难以持续，都不是真正的发展。只有采取切实举措，才能真正管控风险；只有实现安全保障，核能才能持续发展。 第二，权利和义务并重，以尊重各国权益为基础推进国际核安全进程。没有规矩，不成方圆。各国要切实履行核安全国际法律文书规定的义务，全面执行联合国安理会有关决议，巩固和发展现有核安全法律框架，为国际核安全努力提供制度保障和普遍遵循的指导原则。中国呼吁更多国家积极考虑批准核材料实物保护公约及其修订案、制止核恐怖主义行为国际公约。
各国国情不同，核能事业处于不同发展阶段，面临的核安全挑战也不尽相同。一把钥匙开一把锁。在强调各国履行有关国际义务的同时，也要尊重各国根据本国国情采取最适合自己的核安全政策和举措的权利，尊重各国保护核安全敏感信息的权利，坚持公平原则，本着务实精神，积极稳妥推进国际核安全进程。
第三，自主和协作并重，以互利共赢为途径寻求普遍核安全。核安全首先是国家课题，首要责任应该由各国政府承担。各国政府要知责任、负责任，强化核安全意识，培育核安全文化，加强机制建设，提升技术水平。这既是对自己负责，也是对世界负责。
核安全也是全球性课题。一个木桶的盛水量，是由最短的那块板
决定的。一国核材料丢失，全世界都将面临威胁。实现普遍核安全，需要各国携手努力。我们要吸引更多国家加入国际核安全进程，使各国既从中受益，也为之作出贡献，争取实现核安全进程全球化。我们要加强交流、互鉴共享，有关多边机制和倡议要统筹协调、协同努力，争取做到即使不在同一起跑线上起跑，也不让一个伙伴掉队。
第四，治标和治本并重，以消除根源为目标全面推进核安全努力。核安全涉及不同层面，既包括实施科学有效管理，发展先进安全核能技术，也包括妥善应对核恐怖主义和核扩散。完善核安全政策举措，发展现代化和低风险的核能技术，坚持核材料供需平衡，加强防扩散出口控制，深化打击核恐怖主义的国际合作，是消除核安全隐患和核扩散风险的直接和有效途径。
治标还要治本。只有营造和平稳定的国际环境，发展和谐友善的国家关系，开展和睦开放的文明交流，才能从根源上解决核恐怖主义和核扩散问题，实现核能的持久安全和发展。
各位同事！
中国一向把核安全工作放在和平利用核能事业的首要位臵，按照最严格标准对核材料和核设施实施管理。发展核能事业50多年来，中国保持了良好的核安全记录。
荷兰哲人伊拉斯谟说过，预防胜于治疗。近几年，国际上发生的重大核事故为各国敲响了警钟，我们必须尽一切可能防止历史悲剧重演。
为防患于未然，中国全面采取了核安全保障举措。我们着力提高核安全技术水平，提高核安全应急能力，对全国核设施开展了全面安
全检查，确保所有核材料和核设施得到有效安全保障。我们制定和实施了核安全中长期规划，完善国家核安全法规体系，正在制定国家核安全条例，扎实推进核安全工作机制化、法制化。
中国积极推动核安全国际合作。中国同美国合建的核安全示范中心举行了奠基仪式，工程建设进展顺利。这个中心将为地区乃至国际核安全技术交流合作作出贡献。中国在打击核材料非法贩运领域同俄罗斯和哈萨克斯坦等国开展一系列合作项目。中国支持在经济和技术可行的情况下，尽可能减少高浓铀使用，正在国际原子能机构框架内帮助加纳把一个使用高浓铀的研究堆改造为使用低浓铀燃料。中国向国际原子能机构核安全基金捐款，通过举办培训班等方式，提升亚太地区国家核安全能力。
各位同事！
光明前进一分，黑暗便后退一分。我们在核安全领域多作一份努力，恐怖主义就少一次可乘之机。为实现持久核安全，中国愿意继续作出自己的努力和贡献。
第一，中国将坚定不移增强自身核安全能力，继续致力于加强核安全政府监管能力建设，加大核安全技术研发和人力资源投入力度，坚持培育和发展核安全文化。
第二，中国将坚定不移参与构建国际核安全体系，同各国一道推动建立公平、合作、共赢的国际核安全体系，促进各国共享和平利用核能事业的成果。
第三，中国将坚定不移支持核安全国际合作，愿意为此分享技术和经验，贡献资源和平台，促进地区和国际核安全合作。中国支持国
际原子能机构发挥主导作用，鼓励其帮助发展中国家提高核安全能力。中国将继续积极参与核安全活动，邀请国际原子能机构开展实物保护咨询服务。
第四，中国将坚定不移维护地区和世界和平稳定，坚持和平发展、合作共赢，通过平等对话和友好协商妥善处理矛盾和争端，同各国一道致力于消除核恐怖主义和核扩散存在的根源。
各位同事！
加强核安全，既是我们的共同承诺，也是我们的共同责任。让我们携手合作，使各国人民对实现持久核安全更有信心、对核能事业造福人类更有信心！
谢谢大家。
（新华社海牙3月24日电）
在荷兰海牙核安全峰会上的讲话
Statement at the Nuclear Security Summit【核安全峰会】
中华人民共和国主席 习近平
H.E. Xi Jinping, President of the People’s Republic of China
2014年3月24日下午，海牙
The Hague, 24 March 2014
尊敬的吕特首相，
各位同事：
Prime Minister Mark Rutte,
Dear Colleagues,
今天，我们共聚海牙，探讨加强核安全对策，意义十分重大。首先，我谨对吕特首相和荷兰政府为本次峰会所作的积极努力和周到安排，表示衷心的感谢！
Today, we are meeting here at The Hague for an important discussion on the ways for enhancing nuclear security. First of all, I wish to express heartfelt thanks to Prime Minister Rutte and the Dutch government for the active efforts and thoughtful arrangements they have made for this summit.
上个世纪，原子的发现和核能的开发利用给人类发展带来了新的动力，极大增强了我们认识世界和改造世界的能力。同时，核能发展也伴生着核安全风险和挑战。人类要更好利用核能、实现更大发展，就必须应对好各种核安全挑战，维护好核材料和核设施安全。
During the 20th century, the discovery of the atom and the subsequent development and utilization of nuclear energy gave new impetus to the progress of humanity and greatly enhanced our ability to understand and shape the world. Yet the development of nuclear energy has its associated risks and challenges. To make better use of nuclear energy and achieve greater progress, mankind must be able to respond to various nuclear security challenges and ensure the safety of nuclear materials and facilities.
各位同事！
Dear Colleagues,
加强核安全是一个持续进程。核能事业发展不停步，加强核安全的努力就不能停止。从2010
年的华盛顿，到2012年的首尔，再到今天的海牙，核安全峰会承载着凝聚各国共识、深化核安全努力的重要使命。我们要坚持理性、协调、并进的核安全观，把核安全进程纳入健康持续发展的轨道。
Enhancing nuclear security is a never-ending process. As long as we continue to tap nuclear energy, we shall not stop our efforts to enhance nuclear security. From Washington D.C. in 2010 to Seoul in 2012 and to The Hague today, the Nuclear Security Summit (NSS) has the great responsibility of building international consensus and deepening nuclear security efforts. We must follow a sensible, coordinated and balanced approach to nuclear security and put it on the track of sound and sustainable development.
第一，发展和安全并重，以确保安全为前提发展核能事业。作为保障能源安全和应对气候变化的重要途径，和平利用核能事业，如同普罗米修斯带到人间的火种，为人类发展点燃了希望之火，拓展了美好前景。同时，如果不能有效保障核能安全，不能妥善应对核材料和核设施的潜在安全风险，就会给这一美好前景蒙上阴影，甚至带来灾难。要使核能事业发展的希望之火永不熄灭，就必须牢牢坚持安全第一原则。
First, we should place equal emphasis on development and security, and develop nuclear energy on the premise of security. The peaceful use of nuclear energy is important to ensuring energy security and tackling climate change. Like Prometheus who gave fire to humanity, the peaceful use of nuclear energy has sparked a flame of hope and opened up a bright future for mankind. On the other hand, without effective safeguards for nuclear safety and without an adequate response to the potential security risks of nuclear materials and facilities, such a bright future will be overshadowed by dark clouds or even ruined by resulting disasters. Therefore, we must strictly abide by the principle of making safety the top priority if we are to keep the flame of hope for nuclear energy development burning forever.
我们要秉持为发展求安全、以安全促发展的理念，让发展和安全两个目标有机融合，使各国政府和核能企业认识到，任何以牺牲安全为代价的核能发展都难以持续，都不是真正的发展。只有采取切实举措，才能真正管控风险；只有实现安全保障，核能才能持续发展。
We must follow the approach of enhancing security for the sake of development and promoting development by upholding security, and bring the goals of development and security in alignment with each other. We must convince the national governments and nuclear power companies of all countries that developing nuclear energy at the expense of security can neither be sustainable nor bring real development. Only by adopting credible steps and safeguards, can we keep the risks under effective control and develop nuclear energy in a sustainable way.
第二，权利和义务并重，以尊重各国权益为基础推进国际核安全进程。没有规矩，不成方圆。各国要切实履行核安全国际法律文书规定的义务，全面执行联合国安理会有关决议，巩固和发展现有核安全法律框架，为国际核安全努力提供制度保障和普遍遵循的指导原则。中国呼吁更多国家积极考虑批准核材料实物保护公约及其修订案、制止核恐怖主义行为国际公约。
Second, we should place equal emphasis on rights and obligations, and push forward the
international nuclear security process on the basis of respecting the rights and interests of all countries. Nothing can be accomplished without following norms and standards. All countries should earnestly fulfill their obligations under international legal instruments relating to nuclear security, fully implement the relevant UN Security Council resolutions, consolidate and strengthen the existing legal framework governing nuclear security, and provide institutional support and universally accepted guidelines for international efforts to enhance nuclear security. China hopes that more countries will consider ratifying the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and its amendment and the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism.
各国国情不同，核能事业处于不同发展阶段，面临的核安全挑战也不尽相同。一把钥匙开一把锁。在强调各国履行有关国际义务的同时，也要尊重各国根据本国国情采取最适合自己的核安全政策和举措的权利，尊重各国保护核安全敏感信息的权利，坚持公平原则，本着务实精神，积极稳妥推进国际核安全进程。
Countries differ in national condition and stage of nuclear power development, and the nuclear security challenges they face also vary from one to another. As the saying goes, you need different keys to open different locks. While stressing the importance of countries honoring their international obligations, we should respect their right to adopt nuclear security policies and measures best suited to their specific conditions as well as their right to protect sensitive nuclear security information. We should adopt a fair and pragmatic attitude and advance the international nuclear security process in an active yet prudent manner.
第三，自主和协作并重，以互利共赢为途径寻求普遍核安全。核安全首先是国家课题，首要责任应该由各国政府承担。各国政府要知责任、负责任，强化核安全意识，培育核安全文化，加强机制建设，提升技术水平。这既是对自己负责，也是对世界负责。
Third, we should place equal emphasis on independent and collaborative efforts, and seek universal nuclear security through win-win cooperation. Nuclear security is first and foremost a national goal, and the primary responsibility must be borne by national governments. They must understand and undertake their responsibilities, develop a stronger awareness of nuclear security, foster a nuclear security culture, strengthen institutions and enhance technological capacity. This is the responsible thing to do not only for their own sake but also for the good of the world.
核安全也是全球性课题。一个木桶的盛水量，是由最短的那块板决定的。一国核材料丢失，全世界都将面临威胁。实现普遍核安全，需要各国携手努力。我们要吸引更多国家加入国际核安全进程，使各国既从中受益，也为之作出贡献，争取实现核安全进程全球化。我们要加强交流、互鉴共享，有关多边机制和倡议要统筹协调、协同努力，争取做到即使不在同一起跑线上起跑，也不让一个伙伴掉队。
Nuclear security is also
本文来源：http://www.gbppp.com/jd/443124/
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