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实验拓扑及配置说明
注：以下蓝色字体部分是设备进行相应配置后自动生成的提示信息或日志信息。
(一) S2328G配置步骤及配置说明：
Ruijie>en \\进入特权层
Ruijie#conf \\进入全局配置层
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Ruijie(config)#host S23 \\配置主机名为S23
S23(config)#vlan 10 \\创建VLAN10并命名为renshi S23(config-vlan)#name renshi
S23(config-vlan)#vlan 20 \\创建VLAN20并命名为caiwu S23(config-vlan)#name caiwu
S23(config-vlan)#vlan 100 \\创建VLAN100并命名为guanli S23(config-vlan)#name guanli
S23(config-vlan)#exi
S23(config)#int ran f 0/1-10 \\将1-10口划入VLAN10 S23(config-if-range)#sw acc vl 10
S23(config-if-range)#int ran f 0/11-20 \\将11-20口划入VLAN20 S23(config-if-range)#sw acc vl 20
S23(config-if-range)#exi
S23(config)#spanning-tree \\开启生成树，防止环路
Enable spanning-tree.
*Dec 10 16:58:24: %SPANTREE-5-TOPOTRAP: Topology Change Trap for instance 0. *Dec 10 16:58:39: %SPANTREE-5-TOPOTRAP: Topology Change Trap.
S23(config)#span mo rstp \\配置生成树的模式为RSTP
S23(config)#int ran f 0/1-24 \\在用户接口1-24开启bpduguard和portfast S23(config-if-range)#span bpduguard enable
S23(config-if-range)#span portfast
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single
host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, switches, bridges to this interface when portfast is enabled,can cause temporary loops.
S23(config-if-range)#exi
S23(config)#int gi 0/25 \\将25口设置为TRUNK口，并进行描述 S23(config-if-GigabitEthernet 0/25)#sw mo tru
S23(config-if-GigabitEthernet 0/25)#des link_to_S57-G0/1
S23(config-if-GigabitEthernet 0/25)#exi
S23(config)#int vla 100 \\配置S23的管理IP为172.16.100.1 S23(config-if-VLAN 100)#ip add 172.16.100.1 255.255.255.0
S23(config-if-VLAN 100)#exi
*Dec 10 17:01:18: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface VLAN 100, changed state to up.
*Dec 10 17:01:18: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface VLAN 100, changed state to up.
S23(config)#ip def 172.16.100.254 \\配置S23的缺省网关
S23(config)#ena sec lev 15 0 ruijie \\配置特权密码为ruijie
S23(config)#line vty 0 4 \\配置telnet密码为ruijie
S23(config-line)#password 0 ruijie
S23(config-line)#exi \\退到上一层
S23(config)#service pass \\将telnet密码进行加密
S23(config)#end \\退到特权层
*Dec 10 17:04:41: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
S23#wr \\保存配置
Building configuration...
[OK]
以下为S23的配置信息：【forinstance】
S23#sh run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 3323 bytes
!
version RGOS 10.2(5), Release(67430)(Fri Oct 23 17:54:38 CST 2009 -ngcf49) !
!
!
vlan 1
!
vlan 10
name renshi
!
vlan 20
name caiwu
!
vlan 100
name guanli
!
!
service password-encryption
!
!
ip default-gateway 172.16.100.254
!
!
enable secret 5 $1$yLhr$Bq1s9tzwt26qs7sy !
!【forinstance】
!
!
spanning-tree
spanning-tree mode rstp
hostname S23
interface FastEthernet 0/1
switchport access vlan 10
spanning-tree bpduguard enable spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet 0/2
switchport access vlan 10
spanning-tree bpduguard enable spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet 0/3
switchport access vlan 10
spanning-tree bpduguard enable spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet 0/4
switchport access vlan 10
spanning-tree bpduguard enable spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet 0/5
switchport access vlan 10
spanning-tree bpduguard enable spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet 0/6
switchport access vlan 10
spanning-tree bpduguard enable spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet 0/7
switchport access vlan 10
spanning-tree bpduguard enable spanning-tree portfast
!
高考英语作文万能模板必背：开头，正文，结尾句型
(一）段首句
1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.
2. 俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying______. It’s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harm in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。
Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ ,because ______. Besides，______.
5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.
6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，……
People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.
7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.
8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的
辩论。
______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life. it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
（二）中间段落句
1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，同时，他们认为……。
On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___,At the same time，they say____.
2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of all，___.
3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
______is necessary and important to our country’s development and construction. First，______.What’s more, _____.Most important of all,______.
4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。
There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______
5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面，
Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing，______For another，______
6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。
It is high time that something was done about it. For example._____.In addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______.
7. 为什么……？第一个原因是……；第二个原因是……；第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……
Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______.
8. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。
Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.【forinstance】
9. 完全同意……这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下：
I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.
（三）结尾句
1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为……
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____.
2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can we ____in the future.
3. 但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢）……
But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
4. 就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……
Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.
5. 随着社会的发展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。
With the development of society, ______.So it’s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better
and better.
6. 至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能……
For my part, I think it is reasonable to_____. Only in this way can we _____.
7. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论……
From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.
8. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是……
If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.
一．开头用语：
良好的开端等于成功的一半．在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说,直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。 １．议论论文：
A.Justaseverycoinhastwosides,carshavebothadvantagesanddisadvantages．
B.Comparedto/Incomparisonwithletters,e-mailsaremoreconvenient.
C.Whenitcomestocomputers,somepeoplethinktheyhavebroughtusalotofconvenience.However,...
D.Opinionsaredividedontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoflivinginthecityandinthecountryside.
E.Asisknowntoall/Asweallknow,computershaveplayedanimportantrole/partinourdailylife.
F.Whydoyougotouniversity?Differentpeoplehavedifferentpointsofview.
2.书信：
A.Iamwritingtoyoutoapplyforadmissiontoyouruniversityasavisitingscholar.
B.Ireadanadvertisementintoday’sChinaDailyandIapplyforthejob...
C.ThankyouforyourletterofMay5.
D.HowhappyIamtoreceiveyourletterofJanuary9.
E.Hownicetohearfromyouagain.
3.口头通知或介绍情况：
A.Ladiesandgentlemen,MayIhaveyourattention,please.Ihaveanannouncementtomake.
B.Attention,please.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.
C.Mr.Green,Welcometoourschool.Tobeginwith,letmeintroduceMr.Wangtoyou.
4.演讲稿：
A.Ladiesandgentlemen,Ifeelverymuchhonoredtohaveachanceheretomakeaspeechonthesubject--ABalanceDietandHealth.
B.Goodmorningeveryone!Allowme,firstofall,onbehalfofallpresenthere,toextendourwarmwelcomeandcordialgreetingtoourdistinguishedguest.
二．并列用语：
aswellas,notonly…but(also),including,
A.Notonlydocomputersplayanimportantpartinscienceandtechnology,butalsoplayaninformativeroleinourdailylife.
B.Allofus,includingtheteachers/theteachersincluded,willattendthelecture.
C.HespeaksFrenchaswellasEnglish.=HespeaksEnglish,andFrenchaswell.=HespeaksnotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench.
D.E-mail,aswellastelephones,isplayinganimportantpartindailycommunication.
三．对比用语：
ononehand,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary/contraryto...,though,foronething;foranother,nevertheless
A.IknowtheInternetcanonlybeusedathomeorintheoffice,butontheotherhand,itisbecomingmoreandmorepopularformuchinformationaswellasclearandvividpictures.
B.Itishardwork;Ienjoyitthough.
C.ContrarytowhatIhadoriginallythought,thetripturnedouttobefun.
四.递进用语：
even,besides,what’smore,asfor,so…that…,worsestill,moreover,furthermore;butfor,inaddition,tomakemattersworse
A.Thehouseistoosmallforafamilyoffour,andfurthermore/besides/what’smore/moreover/inaddition/worsestill,itisinabadlocation.
五.例证用语：
inone’sopinion,thatistosay,forexample,forinstance,asamatteroffact,infact,namely
A.Asamatteroffact,advertisementplaysaninformativeroleinourdailylife．
B.Thereisonemoretopictodiscuss,namely/thatis(tosay),thequestionofeducation.
六.时序用语：
first/firstly,meanwhile,beforelong,eversince,while,atthesametime
inthemeantime,shortlyafter,nowadays,
A.Theywillbeheresoon.Meanwhile,let’shavecoffee.
B.Firstly,letmedealwiththemostimportantdifficulty.
七.强调用语：
especially,indeed,atleast,atthemost,Whatintheworld/onearth..,notatall,
A.Noiseisunpleasant,especiallywhenyouaretryingtosleep.
BWhatintheworld/onearthareyoudoing?
八.因果用语：
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