【www.gbppp.com--经典美文】
arise出现 arose arisen
awake 醒来awoke awaked / awoken baby-sit 临时照顾baby-sat baby-sat be(am/is/are) 是 was / were been beat 击打 beat beaten become 变成 became become begin 开始 began begun bend 使弯曲 bent bent bet 赌 bet bet bite 咬 bit bitten / bit blow 吹 blew blown break 打破 broke broken bring 拿来 brought brought build 建造 built built
burn 燃烧 burnt / burned burnt / burned buy 买bought bought can 能 could
cast 抛 cast cast catch捕捉 caught caught choose 选择chose chosen come来 came come cost 花费cost cost cut 割 cut cut deal 分配dealt dealt dig 挖 dug dug do / does 做did done draw 画，拉，拖drew drawn
dream 做梦dreamt / dreamed dreamt / dreamed
drink 喝 drank drunk drive驾驶 drove driven eat 吃ate eaten fall掉落 fell fallen feed 喂 fed fed feel 触摸 felt felt fight作战 fought fought find找出found found
( found 建立founded founded ) fly 飞 flew flown
forbid禁止forbade / forbad forbidden forget忘记 forgot forgotten / forgot forgive原谅 forgave forgiven freeze结冰froze frozen get 得到got got give 给 gave given go去went gone grow 成长grew grown hang悬挂hung hung have / has 有had had hear听到 heard heard hide隐藏hid hidden / hid hit打hit hit
hold 拿住held held hurt 受伤hurt hurt keep 保持 kept kept know 知道knew known lay铺，放，下蛋laid laid lead 引导 led led
begin（开始）began begun drink（喝） drank drunk ring（铃响） rang rung sing （唱） sang sung swim（游泳）swam swum blow（吹） blew blown draw（画） drew drawn fly（飞） flew flown grow（生长） grew grown know（知道） knew known throw（投掷） threw thrown show（出示） showed shown break（打破） broke broken choose（选择）chose chosen forget（忘记）forgot forgotten (forgot) speak（说，讲）spoke spoken wake（醒） woke woke drive（驾驶） drove driven eat（吃） ate eaten fall（落下） fell fallen give（给） gave given rise（升高） rose risen take（取） took taken mistake（弄错）mistook mistaken ride（骑） rode ridden write（写） wrote written do（做） did done go（去） went gone lie（平躺） lay lain
see（看见） saw seen wear（穿） wore worn beat（跳动） beat beaten dig（挖）dug dug get（得到）got got
hang（吊死）hanged hanged hang（悬挂）hung hung hold（抓住）held held shine（照耀）shone shone sit（坐） sat sat win （赢）won won meet（遇见）met met keep （保持）kept kept sleep（睡）slept slept sweep（扫）swept swept feel（感觉）felt felt smell（闻）smelt smelt leave（离开）left left build（建设）built built lend（借出）lent lent send （传送）sent sent spend（花费）spent spent lose （丢失）lost lost burn （燃烧）burnt burnt learn（学习）learnt learnt mean（意思是）meant meant catch（抓住）caught caught teach（教）taught taught bring（带来）brought brought
fight （战斗）fought fought buy（买）bought bought think（想）thought thought hear （听见）heard heard sell（卖）sold sold tell（告诉）told told say（说）said said find（找到）found found have/has（有）had had make（制造）made made stand（站）stood stood
understand明白understood understood become（变成）became become come（来）came come run（跑）ran run
动词过去分词变化规则与不规则变化 （一）变化规则：与过去式规则相同。
1. 一般直接在词尾加上ed。look---looked----looked 2. 以e结尾的动词，直接加d。move---moved----moved
3. 以y结尾，y前面是辅音字母的动词，变y 为i，再加ed。carry---carried-----carried
4. 部分动词需双写尾字母，加ed。stop----stopped----stopped
（二）不规则变化：
不规则动词的变化因词而异。但如对不规则动词的过去式和过去分词做一分析，就可发现其中的“规则”。为方便同学们记忆，现将部分不规则动词的原形、过去式和过去分词列出并规为五种类型。以便准确记忆。
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2
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附：过去分词的变化规则
1. 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。
(1) 一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”
work---worked---worked visit---visited---visited
(2) 以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”
live---lived---lived
(3) 以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i” ，再加“ed” study---studied---studied cry---cried---cried
(4) 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加“ed” stop---stopped---stopped drop---dropped--dropped
2. 不规则动词
AAA型
burst burst burst hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put
let let let set set set
cut cut cut shut shut shut cost cost cost spread spread spread
read read read(read原形和过去分词发音为/ri:d/,过去式发音为/red/) AAB型
beat beat beaten
ABA型
become became become
run ran run
come came come
ABB型
bring brought brought
buy bought bought
build built built
burn burnt burnt
catch caught caught
dig dug dug
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
hear heard heard
hold held held
keep kept kept
lay laid laid
lead led led lose lost lost make made made meet met met sell sold sold shoot shot shot sit sat sat stand stood stood sweep swept swept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won won
ABC型
begin began begun
blow blew blown
break broke broken
choose chose chosen
draw drew drawn
drive drove driven
drink drank drunk
fly flew flown
write wrote written
forget forgot forgotten
freeze froze frozen
give gave given
grow grew grown
know knew known
ride rode ridden
rise rose risen
ring rang rung
shake shook shaken
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
swim swam swum
throw threw thrown
课堂练习
一．用already, yet, ever, never, since, for填空。
1. My brother has _________________ finished doing his homework. He is watching TV now.
2. Mr. King has taught English in this school _________________ ten years.
3. ----Have you _________________ read this story?
----No, I have _________________ read it.
4. ----Has the bus arrived _________________?
----No.
5. ----How long have you known the old man?
----_________________ five years ago.
二． 用since与for填空。
1. He has lived in Beijing ___________ last year.
2. Our teacher has studied English __________about ten years.
3. I’ve known him ___________ we were children.
4. It’s about fifteen years _________ she left the city.
5. The Greens have been in China ________ Mr. Green found a job in Shenzhen.
三．根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. _______ you ever ________ (visit) the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai?
2. I ________ (not work) this math problem out yet. Can you help me with it?
3. ----Are you hungry?
----No, I ________ just ________ (eat) some chips.
4. I ________ (finish) writing my tale already. Would you like to read it?
5. Two hours ________ (pass) since the plane ________ (take) off.
四．用have been to, have gone to及have been in的适当形式来填空。
1. John _____________ England since he came back.
2. How long __________ he _____________ this village?
3. The Smiths ______________ Beijing for years.
4. ----______ you ever __________ America?
----Yes, I __________ there many times.
5. My father ___________ England. He will be back tomorrow.
五．从A,B,C,D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
( ) 1. He has ______ been to Lhasa, so he knows nothing about this city.
A. ever B. never C. already D. yet
( ) 2. Kate has finished washing her clothes ______. She is reading a book now.
A. already B. yet C. ever D. never
( ) 3. Tony has lived and studied in Shenzhen ______ last year.
A. for B. since C. after D. before
( ) 4. His father has been away from Shenzhen ______ two and a half years.
A. in B. for C. since D. during
( ) 5. Miss Green ______ Hong Kong. She will be back next week.
A. gone to B. going to C. has gone to D. has been to
( ) 6. ----______ you ______ the classroom yet?
----Yes. It is clean now.
A. Do, clean B. Did, clean C. Will, clean D. Have, cleaned
( ) 7. ----Has Jack arrived ______?
----No, I have ______ seen him come.
A. yet, ever B. yet, never C. already, ever D. ever, never
( ) 8. ----How long______ you ______ this new car?
----Nearly two months.
A. has, bought B. has, got C. have, had D. have, bought
( ) 9. ----Could you tell me how I can get to the Window of the World? ----Sorry, I ______ never ______ that place.
A. have, gone to B. have, been to
C. have, been at D. have, been on
( ) 10. ----Mr. White ______ for ten years.
----Sad to hear that.
A. died B. was dead C. has died D. has been dead
( ) 11. ----Where is Mr. Li?
----He _______ the library.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has gone
( ) 12. I’ve been like this ever since _______.
A. last week B. for a week C. a week before D. the last week
( ) 13. ----Where _______ Tom _______?
----To the library. He _______ there for an hour.
A. has, been, has gone B. has, gone, has been
C. did, go, went D. has, gone, went
( ) 14. I like Hainan. I _______ there three times.
A. went B. go C. have gone D. have been
( ) 15. We came to Shanghai three years ago, so we _______ here for three years.
A. have been to B. have been C. have gone D. have been in
( ) 16. ----How long may I _________ your bike?
---- A week. But you mustn’t _________ it to others.
A. borrow, lend B. keep, lend C. keep, borrow D. lend, borrow
( ) 17. The dog ___________ for a week. Its owner is very sad.
A. died B. dead C. has died D. has been dead
( ) 18. Mr. Green isn’t in the office, he ______ to the library.
A. has gone B. went C. has been D. will go
课后练习
一．同义句转换。
1. He got to Beijing five minutes ago.
He _________ _________ _________ Beijing for ________ __________.
2. The shop closed two hours ago.
The shop _______ _________ ____________ for _______ __________.
3. The door opened six hours ago.
The door ________ _________ __________ for six hours.
4. He left Shenzhen five minutes ago.
He ________ ____________ ___________ ________ Shenzhen for five minutes.
5. My grandpa died ten years ago.
My grandpa ______ _________ __________ for ______ __________.
6. They borrowed it last week.
They _______ ___________ it since ________ ___________.
7. I bought a pen two hours ago.
I _________ ___________ a pen for _________ ____________.
8. He went to Beijing two days ago.
He _________ __________ __________ Beijing for two days.
9. He joined the Party in 2002.
He ________ __________ a ________ _________since 2002.
10. My brother joined the army two years ago.
My brother ______ __________ in _______ __________ for two years.
二．从A,B,C,D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
1. John’s father _________ drawn some new pictures so he will not continue in a short time.
A. have already B. has just C. have ever D. has yet
2. She’s never been to America, ________ she?
A. has B. hasn’t C. isn’t D. is
3. Mother _________ me a new skirt yesterday. I _________ it on. It fits me well.
A. had made; have tried B. made; have tried
C. has made; tried D. made; tried
4. ----_________ you __________ the passage yet?
----Yes, we _________ it two hours ago.
A. Did; copy; did B. Have; copied; have
C. Have; copied; did D. Did; copy; had
5. I _________ a book from the library two days ago and I can only _________ it for three days.
A. borrowed; borrow B. have borrowed; kept
C. have borrowed; keep D. borrowed; keep
6. She has ________ been to France and no wonder she knows nothing about the country.
A. ever B. just C. never D. already
7. ----Has he ever ________ to a Chinese city?
----Yes, only once. He __________ to Guangzhou last month.
A. gone; have gone B. go; went
C. been; went D. went; have been
8. ----Bad luck! It’s too late!
----It doesn’t matter. The movie _______ for only a few minutes. You can’t miss it.
A. has begun B. has been on C. began D. was on
三． 填入gone 或been 。
1. Bill is on holiday at the moment. He’s ________ to Spain.
2. “Where is Jill?” “She’s not here. I think she’s ________ to the bank.”
动词的过去式和过去分词的区别
一、形式上的区别
1、规则动词的过去式和过去分词没有区别，基本都是在动词后面加上e d。
2、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词有些不一样，但也有不少是一样的。比如read，它的过去式和过去分词和动词原形是一样的，只是读音有所区别。
因此，你试图从形式上来区分过去式和过去分词是行不通的，即使你把不规则动词表背得很熟也没有一点用。
我们反对大家死背不规则动词表，用到某个动词时查一下就行了，为什么要死背呢？或许有人又会说，不背下来考试时怎么办呢？请大家多看看高考试卷，看看有什么地方需要你死背单词的？
二、意义上的区别
动词的过去式和过去分词实际上都是用来描述一个“已经发生的行为”，区别只是着重点不同，过去式着重点在“行为本身”，相当于汉语的“～了”。过去分词着重点在“行为的结果或影响”，也就是说动词的过去分词主要是用于说明相当于汉语“已～”或“被～”这样的概念。
三、过去式和过去分词的本质区别
过去式是限定动词，只能用在直接接主语（和主语之间没有其它的动词）的场合。而过去分词是非限定动词，不能直接接主语，如果用在接主语的场合，必须在主语和过去分词之间增加一个助动词。
[过去分词 属 非谓语动词]
助动词：没有实际意义，帮助主要动词 构成谓语动词词组 的词。
助动词has,have,had
助动词do ,does ,did
助动词shall, will
助动词should, would
所以大家只要了解了句子的主语，就能很准确地区分过去式和过去分词。
请大家读一读下面的句子：
He 他被洗清罪恶。
提示：washed和主语he之间有一个助动词is。
Tears washed眼泪沾湿了她的面颊。
caught me
那辆绿卡车在直路上超过了我。
caught[kC:t]vbl.catch的过去式和过去分词
caught him
球击中了他的头。
caught
警察抓住了小偷。
He
他被警察捉住了。
提示：caught 和主语he之间有一个be动词was。 perfectly.
艺术家巧妙地捕捉住她的笑容.
提示：caught和主语the artist之间有一个助动词has。
I unless I
我不可能及时赶到会场，除非我赶上了较早的一班火车。 提示：caught和主语I之间有一个助动词had。
不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳
A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.
1 cost----cost----cost 2 cut----cut----cut put----put----put
3 let----let----let 4 set----set----set hit----hit----hit
5 shut----shut----shut 6 hurt---hurt----hurt
6 read---read----read 读音 /e/
7 lie---lied---lied 说谎
8 lay---laid---laid 放置，下蛋
9 lay--- lain 躺下，位于，平放
B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同
一. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是〔 :t〕
1 bright----brought----brought
2 think----thought----thought
3 buy----bought----bought
4 catch----caught----caught
5 teach ---- taught ----taught
二. 动词原形中的e为o，变成过去式和过去分词。
1 get----got----got
2 sell----sold----sold
3 tell----told----told
三. 动词原形中i为a
1 sit----sat----sat
2 spit----spat----spat
四. 动词原形中i为o
1 win----won----won
2 shine----shone/ shined----shone / shined
五. 动词原形中an为oo
1 stand----stood---stood【过去分词】
2 understand----understood----understood
六. 动词原形中的ay为ai
1 say----said----said
2 pay----paid----paid
七. a）动词原形中的d为t
1 send----sent----sent
2lend----lent----lent
3spend----spent----spent
4 build----built----built
七b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t
1 smell----smelt----smelt
2 lose----lost----lost
七c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t
1 learn----learnt----learnt
2mean----meant----meant 读音/e/
七d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/
1 feel----felt----felt
2 sleep----slept----slept
3 sweep---swept----swept
4 keep---- kept----- kept
其它
meet----met----met have----had----had
hold----held----held make----made----made
dig----dug----dug hear----heard----heard
find----found----found hang----hung ----hung
C.原型与过去分词相同
1come----came----come
2 run----ran----run
3 become----became----become
D. 原形，过去式， 和 过去分词完全不同
1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式，改成u变成过去分词．
1 begin ---- began -----begun
2 drink---drank----drunk
3 ring----rang-----rung
4 swim----swam----swum
5 sing----sang----sung
2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式，在原形词尾加n变成过去分词．
1blow----blew----blown
2 grow----grew----grown
3 know---knew---known
4 throw ---- threw ---- thrown
5 fly ----flew /flu:/ ----flown ( 和以上相似)
3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾，故把它们分为一类．
a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式，在词尾加n变成过去分词．
1 drive----drove----driven【过去分词】
2 rise---rose---risen
3 write---wrote---written (双写t )
4 ride----rode----ridden (双写d )
b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式，在过去式后加n变成过去分词．
1 speak----spoke----spoken
2 steal----stole----stolen
3 break----broke----broken
c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词．
1 wake----woke----woken
2 freeze----froze----frozen
3 choose----chose----chosen
4 forget----forgot----forgotten （双写t，加en ）
d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词
1 eat----ate----eaten
2 beat---- beat ---- beaten
3 fall----fell----fallen
4 give----gave----given
5 see----saw----seen
6 take----took----taken
7 mistake---- mistook----- mistaken
8 hide----hid----hidden （双写d ）
E. 没有过去分词的动词
1 can ----- could
2 may---- might
3 shall---- should
4 will ---- would
其它
1 am, is ---- was----- been
2 are-----were----- been
3 do-----did----- done
4 draw-----drew----- drawn
5 go-----went----- gone
6 show----showed----shown
7wear--- wore ---- worn
1. 把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。过去分词不变．如：
become—became, come—came
2．把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如：
begin—began drink—drank
give—gave ring—rang
sing—sang sit—sat
swim—swam sink—sank，
3．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：
drive—drove ride—rode
shine—shone win—won
write—wrote
4．动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：
get—got forget—forgot
5．动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：
keep—kept sleep—slept
sweep—swept
6. 动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如：
stand—stood understand—understood
7．改动词原形中的aw ／ow为ew，变成过去式。如： draw—drew grow—grew
know—knew throw—threw
（动词show除外，show—showed）
8．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：
break—broke speak—spoke
9．动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：
sell—sold tell—told
10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如： bring—brought buy—bought
think—thought catch—caught
teach—taught
11．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如： can—could shall—should
will—would
12．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕 say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕， mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕 dream—dreamt 〔dremt〕【过去分词】
13．动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：
cut—cut hit—hit
hurt—hurt, let—let
must—must put—put
read—read〔red〕 set—set
14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如：
英语中过去分词的用法
过去分词的用法讲解如下：
过去分词的用法在英语语法中很是普遍。那么，如何正确的使用过去分词呢?我们来看看过去分词的用法解析，只有了解了过去分词的用法，才能正确的运用和使用它。
一、基本概念
1. 分词的定义
动词的-ed分词即过去分词，是由动词的过去分词构成，一般只有一种形式。
2. 过去分词的语法作用：
过去分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词（相当于被动语），在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。
1) 过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。如：
Don’t touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子，它是坏的（它是被打坏的）。 He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。
2) 过去分词做定语：
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，相当于一个定语从句。如：
The excited people rushed into the building. 激动的人们奔进了大楼。（excited people 被激动了的人）
We need more qualified teachers. 我们需要更多合格的教师。（被资质认证过的老师，或经过资质认证的老师。）
过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。如：
Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗?
The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager. 外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。
过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。如： The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.这些书是鲁迅写的，受到了许多中国人民的喜爱。
The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 这次会议获得很大的成功，共有一千个学生出席了。
3) 过去分词做状语：
过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。如：
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. 入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。
②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：
Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. 激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了，停止了争吵。
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