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2015年6月英语四级考试真题及答案(卷一完整版)
范文：
Writing：家长角色
There are several possible reasons accountable for this phenomenon(中心句). To begin with, family in growing numbers has only one child; therefore, parents oftentimes focus all their attentions on that child and exert much pressure on him or her(原因一). Moreover, numerous parents intend to realize their unfulfilled dreams by letting their children learn what they failed to learn and apply for the college by which they failed to be accepted, because they have become richer and they believe that they have the power to make what they wanted and want come true now(原因二). For instance, my uncle used to be a poor man and his dream that one day he would become a violinist was broken because of lack of money. But he made a fortune by selling coals, and then forced his son, my younger brother to practice playing violin. My brother was a huge fan of sports, but now he has to play violin everyday unwillingly and ofter quarrels with their parents(举例：原来-然后-结局).
To sum up, it is unreasonable for parents to control their children’s life(总结句). In order to help them grow happily and healthily, parents are supposed to communicate with their kids about what they are really interested in(建议一，目的句型). Meanwhile, it is about time that parents let their kids make their own choices(建议二，“是时候”句型). Only in these ways will children grow in a psychologically happy environment and realize their own dreams.
1．
W: I am going to give up playing chess, I lost again today.
M: Just because you lost? Is that any reason to quit?
Q: What does the man imply?
2．
M: Do you know Shirley’s new address? She’s got some mail here and I’d like to fold it to her.
W: Well, we’ve not been in touch for quit a while. Let’s see, Marry should know it? Q: What does the women mean?
3.
W: I missed the classes this morning could you please lent me your notes? M: My notes? You’ve never seem my hand writing, have you?
Q: What does the man imply?
4.
M: I am taking my girlfriend to the fancy new restaurant for her birthday tonight. W: I went there last weekend and I found it rather disappointing.
Q: What does the women mean?
5.
W: Winter is over at last, time to put away my gloves and boots.
M: I ‘ve been waiting for this for months.
Q: What does the man mean?
6.
W: Thank you for bringing the books back.
M: I thought you need them over the weekend, many thanks for let me use them. Q: What do we learn from conversation？
7.
W: Are you working flexible hours?
M: No I am not, The weather today is so nice, so I decided to walk to work and that meant I have to leave an hour earlier than usual.
Q: What does the man decide to do?
8.
W: Our plane has been circling for a long time, we could delay.
M: The airport was closed for a while this morning and things are still not back to normal.
Q: What does the man mean?
短对话答案解析（孙祥喆）
【总评】：8 个短对话总体来说比以往四级听力要难，但是考察水平令人叹服。题目的设置一改往年的模式化语境，更加委婉、微妙，贴近真实生活中的语境，选项并不是对原文的简单重现而是替换与推理。
1. 考点：推理判断
答案：A. The woman should go on playing chess.
本题的关键在于听懂反问语气。女士说因为又输了棋，所以打算放弃。男士没有正面回应，而是反问了一句：“Is that any reason to quit? 这能算一个放弃的理由吗？”言下之意就是不该放弃。换句话说，男士就是建议女士继续好好继续下棋。
2. 考点：细节捕捉。
答案：D. Mary probably knows Sally’s new address.
本题的关键在于听到最后一句“Mary should know it. ”男士说自己手边有一堆Sally的信件需要寄给她，所以需要知道她的地址。女士说自己很久没跟Sally联系了，但是结尾说了一句：“Mary应该知道地址。”如果没有听出结尾一句的反转含义，本题很容易错选。
3. 考点：推理判断
答案：B. His notes are not easy to read.
本题的关键在于听懂反义疑问句。女士想要借笔记，男士说：“You’ve never see my handwriting, have you?”“你从没看过我的笔迹吧？”言下之意，就是自己的笔记难以辨认。
4. 考点：推理判断
答案：D. The man had better choose another restaurant.
本题的关键在于听懂否定语气。男士说我今晚要带女朋友去新开的漂亮饭店过生日。女士说我上周去过，太让我失望了。从 “rather disappointing” 可以听出女士的强烈否定语气，言下之意就是建议男士不要去这家饭馆了。
5. 考点：推理判断
答案：C. He has been looking forward to spring.
本题在于听懂期待语气。本题首先听到女士开头说的：“冬天终于结束了。”和男士结尾说：“我等了好几个月了啊。”有所期待才会愿意等待，显然是男士希望冬天快点结束，春天快点到来。
6. 考点：细节捕捉
答案：B. The man appreciates the woman’s help.
本题关键在于听懂感谢语气。男士说：“Many thanks for letting me use them.”（太感谢你让我看他们了。）thank Many thanks和选项中的appreciate为同义词。
7. 考点：细节捕捉
答案：B. Go to work on foot.
本题的关键在于捕捉否定词之后被突出的信息。男士提到的“walk to work”和选项中的Go on foot. 为同义表达。
8. 细节捕捉
答案：A. Temporary closing has disturbed the airport’s operation.
本题考察的是一组明显的因果关系，即什么导致了延误。男士提到今早机场关闭了一段时间了，而且仍然没恢复正常。“closed for a while”与选项中的Temporary closing构成同义替换。
长对话（周祖骏）
点评：今年听力长对话的选材还是来自于我们熟悉的工作场景的解决问题和个人访谈；长对话的逻辑非常清晰，采取问答形式，一人主导提问，一人主导回答。如果能够把握好问题是考题，回答是答案这一基本原则，长对话答题应该是不难的。而且选项和原文一遍是原文重现，即听到什么选什么即可。
Conversation 1
W: Morning, this is TGC!
2015年6月英语四级真题及答案汇总
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below.You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on the kid's understanding of going to school.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
“Why am I going to school if my phone already knows everything?”
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
The U.S. Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality education. Today it is（36） the launch of the Excellent Educators for All Initiative.The initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most.
"All children are（37 ）to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family income.It is （38 ）important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need to help students reach their full （39） ," U.S.Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said." Despite the excellent work and deep（ 40 ）of our nation's teachers and principals, students in high-poverty, high- minority schools are unfairly treated across our country.We have to do better.Local leaders and educators will （41 ）their own creative solutions, but we must work together to （42） our focus on how to better recruit, support and（43） effective teachers and principals for all students,
especially the kids who need them most."
Today's announcement is another important step forward in improving access to a quality education, a （44 ）of President Obama's year of action.Later today, Secretary Duncan will lead a roundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the （45 ）of working in high-need schools and how to adopt promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools.
A.Announcing B.beneficial C.challenges
D.commitment E.component F.contests
G.critically H.develop I.distributing
J.enhance K.entitled L.potential
M.properly N.qualified O.retain
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Changes Facing Fast Food
A)Fast-food firms have to be a thick-skinned bunch.Health experts regularly criticize them severelyfor selling food that makes people fat.Critics even complain that McDonald's, whose logosymbolizes calorie excess, should not have been allowed to sponsor the World Cup.These arethings fast-food firms have learnt to cope with.But not perhaps for much longer.The burgerbusiness faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies inresponse to shifts in the global economy.
B)Fast food was once thought to be recession-proof.When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive.Such "trading down"proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants.Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
C)As a result, fast-food chains have weathered the recession better than their more expensive competitors.In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6% , but total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains.In some markets, such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased.Same-store sales in America at McDonald's, the world's largest fast-food company, did not decline throughout the downturn.Panera Bread, an American fast-food chain known for its fresh ingredients, performed well, too, because it offers higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants.
D)But not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate.Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall.In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.David Palmer, an analyst at UBS, a bank, says smaller fast- food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl's Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they are competing with the global giant McDonald's, which increased spending on advertising by more than 7% last year as others cut back.
E)Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value.During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items.But in many cases that strategy did not work.Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人)sued (起诉)the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be repuired to sell these for $1 when they cost$1.10 to make.In May a judge ruled in favour of Burger King.Nevertheless, the company may still be cursing its decision to promote cheap choices over more expensive ones because items on its "value menu" now account for around 20% of all sales, upfrom 12% last October.
F)Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year.But the downturn is makingcompanies rethink their strategies.Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱)consumers away from $1 specials.KFC, a division of Yum! Brands, which also owns Taco Belland Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $5.And in May Burger Kingintroduced barbecue (烧烤)pork ribs at $7 for eight.
G)Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including drinks.McDonald's started selling better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks.Its " McCafe" line nowaccounts for an estimated 6% of sales in America.Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Bestcoffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
H)As fast-food companies shift from "super size" to "more buys", they need to keep customer traffichigh throughout the day.Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food.McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥)in America next year.Breakfast has the potential to bevery profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.Fast-food companies are also adding midday and late-night snacks, such as blended drinks andwraps.The idea is that by having a greater range of things on the menu, "we can sell to consumersproducts they want all day," says Rick Carucci., the .chief financial officer of Yum !Brands.
I)But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoided governmentregulation.By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at leastgiven the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).These offeringsare not necessarily loss-leaders, as they broaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diners thatinclude some people who don't want to eat a burger.But customers cannot be forced to ordersalads instead of fries.
J)In the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be good enough."Every packaged-food and restaurant company I know is concerned about regulation right now," says Mr.Palmer of UBS.America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 ormore outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.A study by the NationalBureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effects on Starbucks of a similar calorie-postinglaw in New York City in 2007, found that the average calorie-count per transaction fell 6% andrevenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a Dunldn Donuts outlet was nearby--a sign, it issaid, that menu-labelling could favour chains that have more healthy offerings.
K)In order to avoid other legislation in America and elsewhere, fast-food companies will have tocontinue innovating (创新).Walt Riker of McDonald's claims the change it has made in its menumeans it offers more healthy items than it did a few years ago."We probably sell more
vegetables,more milk, more salads, more apples than any restaurant business in the world," he says.But therecent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie"Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there isa lot more left to do.
46.Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
47.Fast-food finns may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
48.Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
50.During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
51.Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
52.During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
53.Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
54.Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
55.A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A., B), C) andD ).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
If you think a high-factor sunscreen (防晒霜)keeps you safe from harmful rays, you may be wrong.Research in this week's Nature shows that while factor 50 reduces the number of melanomas(黑瘤)and delays their occurrence, it can't prevent them.Melanomas are the most aggressive skin cancers.You have a higher risk if you have red or blond hair, fair skin, blue or green eyes, or sunburn easily, or if a close relative has had one.Melanomas are more common if you have periodic intense exposure to the sun.Other skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term exposure.
There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen is in reducing melanomas the evidence is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer.A 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed.A second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1,101 who didn't have the cancer, found that using sunscreen routinely, alongside other protection such as hats,long sleeves or staying in the shade, did give some protection.This study said other forms of sun protection not sunscreen seemed most beneficial.The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives, so it's not
entirely reliable.But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.
Many people also don't use sunscreen properly applying insufficient amounts, failing to reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too long.It is sunburn that is most worrying recent research shows five episodes of sunburn in the teenage years increases the risk of all skin cancers.
The good news is that a combination of sunscreen and covering up can reduce melanoma rates, as shown by Australian figures from their slip-slop-slap campaign.So if there is a heat wave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, slop on (抹上)sunscreen and slap on a hat.
56. What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?
A.It will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.
B.It will protect them from sunburn.
C.It will keep their skin smooth and fair.
D.It will work for people of any skin color.
57. What does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?
A.It is ineffective in preventing melanomas.
B.It is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.
C.It is ineffective with long-term exposure.
D.It is ineffective for people with fair skin.
58. What do we learn from the 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people?
A.Sunscreen should be applied alongside other protection measures.
B.High-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.
C.Irregular application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.
D.Daily application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.
59. What does the author say about the second Australian study?
A.It misleads people to rely on sunscreen for protection.
B.It helps people to select the most effective sunscreen.
C.It is not based on direct observation of the subjects.
D.It confirms the results of the first Australian study.
60. What does the author suggest to reduce melanoma rates?
A.Using both covering up and sunscreen.
B.Staying in the shade whenever possible.
C.Using covering up instead of sunscreen.
D.Applying the right amount of sunscreen.
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled.Some65% of American men aged 62 -74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with32% of men with only a high-school certificate.This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor.Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled.The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.
The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before.Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will
2015年6月英语四级考试真题及答
案(卷一完整版)
范文：
Writing：家长角色
There are several possible reasons accountable for this phenomenon(中心句). To begin with, family in growing numbers has only one child; therefore, parents oftentimes focus all their attentions on that child and exert much pressure on him or her(原因一). Moreover, numerous parents intend to realize their unfulfilled dreams by letting their children learn what they failed to learn and apply for the college by which they failed to be accepted, because they have become richer and they believe that they have the power to make what they wanted and want come true now(原因二). For instance, my uncle used to be a poor man and his dream that one day he would become a violinist was broken because of lack of money. But he made a fortune by selling coals, and then forced his son, my younger brother to practice playing violin. My brother was a huge fan of sports, but now he has to play violin everyday unwillingly and ofter quarrels with their parents(举例：原来-然后-结局). To sum up, it is unreasonable for parents to control their children’s life(总结句). In order to help them grow happily
and healthily, parents are supposed to communicate with their kids about what they are really interested in(建议一，目的句型). Meanwhile, it is about time that parents let their kids make their own choices(建议二，“是时候”句型). Only in these ways will children grow in a psychologically happy environment and realize their own dreams.
1．
W: I am going to give up playing chess, I lost again today.
M: Just because you lost? Is that any reason to quit?
Q: What does the man imply?
2．
M: Do you know Shirley’s new address? She’s got some mail here and I’d like to fold it to her.
W: Well, we’ve not been in touch for quit a while. Let’s see, Marry should know it? Q: What does the women mean?
3.
W: I missed the classes this morning could you please lent me your notes? M: My notes? You’ve never seem my hand writing, have you?
Q: What does the man imply?
4.
M: I am taking my girlfriend to the fancy new restaurant for her birthday tonight.
W: I went there last weekend and I found it rather disappointing.
Q: What does the women mean?
5.
W: Winter is over at last, time to put away my gloves and boots.
M: I ‘ve been waiting for this for months.
Q: What does the man mean?
6.
W: Thank you for bringing the books back.
M: I thought you need them over the weekend, many thanks for let me use them. Q: What do we learn from conversation？
7.
W: Are you working flexible hours?
M: No I am not, The weather today is so nice, so I decided to walk to work and that meant I have to leave an hour earlier than usual.
Q: What does the man decide to do?
8.
W: Our plane has been circling for a long time, we could delay.
M: The airport was closed for a while this morning and things are still not back to normal.
Q: What does the man mean?
短对话答案解析（孙祥喆）
【总评】：8 个短对话总体来说比以往四级听力要难，但是考察水平令人叹服。题目的设臵一改往年的模式化语境，更加委婉、微妙，贴近真实生活中的语境，选项并不是对原文的简单重现而是替换与推理。
1. 考点：推理判断
答案：A. The woman should go on playing chess.
本题的关键在于听懂反问语气。女士说因为又输了棋，所以打算放弃。男士没有正面回应，而是反问了一句：‚Is that any reason to quit? 这能算一个放弃的理由吗？‛言下之意就是不该放弃。换句话说，男士就是建议女士继续好好继续下棋。
2. 考点：细节捕捉。
答案：D. Mary probably knows Sally’s new address.
本题的关键在于听到最后一句‚Mary should know it. ‛男士说自己手边有一堆Sally的信件需要寄给她，所以需要知道她的地址。女士说自己很久没跟Sally联系了，但是结尾说了一句：‚Mary应该知道地址。‛如果没有听出结尾一句的反转含义，本题很容易错选。
3. 考点：推理判断
答案：B. His notes are not easy to read.
本题的关键在于听懂反义疑问句。女士想要借笔记，男士说：‚You’ve never see my handwriting, have you?‛‚你从没看过我的笔迹吧？‛言下之意，就是自己的笔记难以辨认。
4. 考点：推理判断
答案：D. The man had better choose another restaurant.
本题的关键在于听懂否定语气。男士说我今晚要带女朋友去新开的漂亮饭店过生日。女士说我上周去过，太让我失望了。从 ‚rather disappointing‛ 可以听出女士的强烈否定语气，言下之意就是建议男士不要去这家饭馆了。
5. 考点：推理判断
答案：C. He has been looking forward to spring.
本题在于听懂期待语气。本题首先听到女士开头说的：‚冬天终于结束了。‛和男士结尾说：‚我等了好几个月了啊。‛有所期待才会愿意等待，显然是男士希望冬天快点结束，春天快点到来。
6. 考点：细节捕捉
答案：B. The man appreciates the woman’s help.
本题关键在于听懂感谢语气。男士说：‚Many thanks for letting me use them.‛（太感谢你让我看他们了。）thank Many thanks和选项中的appreciate为同义词。
7. 考点：细节捕捉
答案：B. Go to work on foot.
本题的关键在于捕捉否定词之后被突出的信息。男士提到的‚walk to work‛和选项中的Go on foot. 为同义表达。
8. 细节捕捉
答案：A. Temporary closing has disturbed the airport’s operation.
本题考察的是一组明显的因果关系，即什么导致了延误。男士提到今早机场关闭了一段时间了，而且仍然没恢复正常。‚closed for a while‛与选项中的Temporary closing构成同义替换。
2006-2009年大学英语四级真题试卷
2009年6月大学英语四级真题试卷
Part I Writing (30 minutes) Free admission to museums
1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？
2. 也会带来一些问题
3. 你的看法？
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
How Do You See Diversity?
As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said ―untrustworthy,‖ so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. ―It wasn‘t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,‖ Tiffany confesses. What she hadn‘t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate‘s ―different‖ behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes.
―I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,‖ Tiffany says. ―I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.‖
Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions .
Hire Advantage
At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .
―During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.‖
Blinded by Gender
Dale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce . ―Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,‖ he recalls . ―I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .‖ In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender .
―I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would
have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .‖Dale‘s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization‘s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce .
―I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I
needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .‖ Dale credits the workshop , ―because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .‖
Year of the Know-It-All
Doug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson
learned from his own employee.
―One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put
in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .
―He patiently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did
not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuming he had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions , and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture .
―Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply
asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees , rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,‖ Doug admits . ―The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learning how to be more ‗inclusive‘ to differences.‖
A better Bottom Line
An open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improve sales .‖Most of my customers speak English as a second language . One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone . It wasn‘t until my boss received Mindsets‘ training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base has increased .‖
Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard the stereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone . Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities . It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity .
When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned
from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends , etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selves to think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone .
1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?
A) He just wouldn‘t look her in the eye.
B) He was slow in answering her questions.
C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.
D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant .
2. Tiffany‘s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from.
A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.
B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance
3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to the
author?
A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.
B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.
C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.
D) Expanding domestic and international markets.
4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?
A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.
B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company
A) He had hired the wrong person.
B) He could have done more for his company.
C) He had not managed his workforce well.
D) He must get rid of his gender bias.
6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC‘s workshop?
A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.
B) It tapped into the executives‘ full potential.
C) It helped him make fair decisions.
D) It met participants‘ diverse needs.
7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee‘s request for
leave?
A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it down
B) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.
when he realized that his assumption was wrong.
9. After attending Mindsets‘ workshops, the participants came to know the importance of
to their business.
10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , we can achieve
diversity and benefit from the between us.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (reading in depth) (25 minutes)
Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writhing is and difficult.
English , with its mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who think they can‘t write, I know as a teacher to show them the rest of the rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity moral and emotional development of my students . One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.
, just like exercise ;
just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. after only a few weeks of journal writing .
Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step fluency , eloquence (雄辩), and command of
Passage One
The January fashion show, called FutureFashion , exemplified how far green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges to include organic fabrics in their lines.
The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still b
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