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2014年12月英语六级真题及答案（文字版）
考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对
Part I Writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 180 words but no more than 200 words.
作文题一：学历歧视
作文部分：
【学历歧视：参考范文】
In the modern society, with competition becomes increasingly fierce, to find a job is too difficult for the young generation. Academic qualification, as a job a stepping-stone, is an essential factor during the job hunting.
Some people think that the highly educated must be able to find a good job, because education can prove that a person has a good capacity. Therefore, it is commonly believe that a job seeker with a master degree must be easier to find a promising job than a undergraduate. However, now the company interviewers generally prefer to required a even higher academic qualification, like a doctor degree. Otherwise, the applicants, even though he or she has tremendous potential, will be refused relentlessly.
As far as I am concerned, education should not be the single standard in an interview. As for the companies, it is not necessarily a good principle as well. Now the whole community often talk about working ability and efficiency. For example, some people may have high academic qualification, but actually his ability is very limited. So both the individual and the community ought to change their attitude on academic qualification. We should realize that it is the operational
Part II Listening
Section A
Directions：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D)， and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.
Question 1
A.At a grocery
B.In a parking lot
C.In a car showroom
D.At a fast food restaurant
Question 2
A.Have a little nap after lunch
B.Get up and take a short walk
C.Change her position now and then
D.Stretch legs before standing up
Question 3
A.The students should practice long-distance running
B.He doesn’t quite believe what the woman says
C.The students’ physical condition is not desirable
D.He thinks the race is too hard for the students
Question 4
A.They do not want to have a baby at present
B.They cannot afford to get married right now
C.They are both pursuing graduate studies
D.They will get their degrees in two years
Question 5
A.Twins usually have a lot in common
B.He must have been mistaken for Jack
C.Jack is certainly not as healthy as he is
D.He has not seen Jack for quite a few days
Question 6
A.The man will take the woman wo the museum
B.The man knows where the museum is located
C.The woman is asking the way at the crossroads
D.The woman will attend the opening of the museum
Question 7
A.They cannot ask the guy to leave
B.The guy has been coming in for years
C.They should not look down upon the guy
D.The guy must be feeling extremely lonely
Question 8
A.Collect timepieces
B.Become time-conscious
C.Learn to mend locks
D.Keep track of his daily activities
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Question 9
A.It winds its way to the sea
B.It is quickly rising
C.It is eating into its banks
D.It is wide and deep
Question 10
A.Get the trucks over to the other side of the river
B.Take the equipment apart before being ferried
C.Reduce the transport cost as much as possible
D.Try to speed up the operation by any means
Question 11
A.Ask the commander to send a helicopter
B.Halt the operation until further orders
C.Cut trees and build rowing boats
D.Find as many coats as possible
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Question 12
A.Help him join an Indian expedition
B.Talk about his climbing experiences
C.Give up mountain climbing altogether
D.Save money to buy climbing equipment
Question 13
A.He was very strict with his children
B.He climbed mountains to earn a living
C.He had an unusual religious background
D.He was the first to conquer Mt. Qomolangma
Question 14
A.They are like humans
B.They are sacred places
C.They are to be protected
D.They are to be conquered
Question 15
A.It was his father’s training that pilled him through
B.It was a milestone in his mountain climbing career
C.It was his father who gave him the strength to succeed
D.It helped him understand the Sherpa view of mountains
Section B
Directions：In this section，you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Question 16
A. By reviewing what he has said previously
B.By comparing memorandums with letters
C.By showing a memorandum’ s structure
D.By analyzing the organization of a letter
Question 17
A.They spent a lot of time writing memorandums
B.They seldom read a memorandum through to the end
C.They placed emphasis on the format of memorandums
D.They ignored many of the memorandums they received
Question 18
A.Style and wording
B.Structure and length
C.Directness and clarity
D.Simplicity and accuracy
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. Question 19
A.Accurate dating
B.Professional look
C.Direct statement of purpose
D.Inclusion of appropriate humor
Question 20
A.They give top priority to their work efficiency
B.They make an effort to lighten their workload
C.They never change work habits unless forced to
D.They try hard to make the best use of their time
Question 21
A.Self-confidence
B.Sense of duty
C.Work efficiency
D.Passion for work
Question 22
A.They are addicted to playing online games
B.They try to avoid work whenever possible
C.They find to pleasure in the work they do
D.They simply have no sense of responsibility
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. Question 23
A.He lost all his property
B.He was sold to a circus
C.He was forced into slavery
D.He ran away from his family
Question 24
A.A carpenter
B.A businessman
C.A master of his
D.A black drummer
Question 25
A.It named its town hall after Solomon Northup
B.It declared July 24 Solomon Northup Day
六级阅读强化提高班
主讲：吴洋
新六级阅读简介
阅读部分总体概述：
满分：249分，占比：35% 题目位于写作与听力之后，
第36－65题，解题时间40min分为Section A, B, C三个部分
Section A 选词填空
400词 分值5% 解题时间：10min 3,55
简介：该项共10题，考察考生词汇运用、语法、语言的连贯和一致、文章结构的能力。
Section B 信息匹配
1500词 分值10% 解题时间：15min 7,1
简介：该项共10题，考察考生快速搜寻信息的能力（定位）以及同义替换的能力。
Section C 仔细阅读
500词×2 分值20% 解题时间：15min 14,2
简介：该项共10题，考察考生把握文中具体信息及其推断、文章与段落结构、作者态度等能力。
六级考试难度是稳中有升的。原因有二： 1、经常改革，题目难多易少；
2、计分方式：常模转换分（标准分），常模群体为“全国若干所重点大学的近万名本科生组成”，若干所指：北大、清华、上海交大、复旦、中科大和西安交大。
六级阅读复习策略：
1、词汇为船，语法为桨，解题技巧为风； 2、重视一词多义、熟词生义现象； 3、多研究和把握长句结构；
4、做完题后一定要研究解题技巧； 5、限时训练与限地训练。
细节题方法介绍
细节题（一）：题型特征 一、细节题题干特征
1、紧抓题干关键词：
关键词又名定位词，即题干中的专有名词、一般名词、时间词、数词等，有时动词也可参与。用这种词回原文直接寻找定位句，一般情况下读完定位句就会有答案。
注意：关键词必须是全文不常见的词，不找文中常见的词。如果题干较长，关键词不能只找一个。找词组优于找单词本身。 2、注意题干中的时间词：包括in the early days, used to, currently等，防止原文给出不同时间，而设计答非所问的错误答案。
3、注意题干中的强调词：包括chief concern, real reason, most probably等，防止原文出现很多原因或理由，而设计答非所问的错误答案。最重要最强调的往往也与文章主题相关。
4、注意题干句子的主语：
弄清是否含有author, 分清作者观点和其他人的观点，防止答非所问。 例子
Low-level slash-and-burn farming doesn't harm rainforest. On the contrary, it helps farmers and improves forest soils. This is the unorthodox view of a German soil scientist who has shown that.....
We learn from the passage that the traditional view of slash-and-burn farming is that ________. (05-6-11)
A. it does no harm to the topsoil of the rainforest B. it destroys rainforest soils
C. it helps improve rainforest soils
D. it diminishes the organic matter in rainforest soils
It's possible that plutocrats are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory（没收性的）tax policies. But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesn't keep plutocrats up at night. They can live with that.
No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.
60. What is the real reason for plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class? A. They want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation. B. They know that the middle class contributes most to society. C. They want to gain support for global economic integration. D. They feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity.
二、原文的考点特征：
1、对应原文转折句：如含有however, but, nevertheless, on the contrary等词的句子； 如果首末段有转折句，一定要看，与文章主题相关。 所有转折中，however处设计正确答案的可能性最高。 2、对应原文因果关系：如含有because, thus, as a result等词的句子，常见于题目问到why； 有时因果关系会用一些短语表示，如amount to / attribute to / in that / out of等。 3、对应原文强调描述：如含有especially, primarily, most, only, adj.最高级等词的句子。 4、对应系表结构（...is/are...）所在的长句，如：The prime difference is that..... What they fear was that.....
5、对应原文的递进与总结：如all in all, in conclusion, moreover, in addition等。
注意：如果题目没有对应上原文的这些特征，也属正常。定位的唯一依据是题干信息。 例子
America's injured workers could sue for damages in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers. For example, employees had to prove that their injuries directly resulted from employer negligence and that they themselves were ignorant about potential hazards in the workplace.
One of the problems the American injured workers faced in getting compensation in the early 19th century was that _______. (02-12-28)
A. they had to have the courage to sue for damages in a court of law
B. different states in the U.S. had totally different compensation programs
C. America's average compensation benefit was much lower than the cost of living D. they had to produce evidence that their employers were responsible for the accident
I came away from my years of teaching on the college and university level with a conviction that enactment (扮演角色), performance, dramatization are the most successful forms of teaching. Students must be incorporated, made, so far as possible, an integral part of the learning process. The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater
part of the academic establishment merely silly, but that is nonetheless the case. (03-6-26)
The author believes that a successful teacher should be able to _____. A. make dramatization an important aspect of students' learning B. make inspired play an integral part of the learning process C. improve students' learning performance D. make study just as easy as play
细节题（二）：正确答案与错误答案特征
正确答案的特征：
1、符合题意，忠实原文；
2、是原文定位句的同义转述，含有同义词替换：解释型（最常见） 3、是原文定位句的取反表达：取反型 4、是原文某几句话的概括总结：总结型 例子
Motivated in part by Christian compassion (怜悯) for the helpless as well as a practical political
impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement, Chancellor Bismarck created the world's first workers' compensation law in 1884.
The world's first workers' compensation law was introduced by Bismarck ______. (02-12-31) A. to make industrial production safer B. to speed up the pace of industrialization C. out of religious and political considerations
D. for fear of losing the support of the socialist labor movement
Ironically, high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms, too. The time-honored values of integrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches. (02-12-38) Why does the author say high consumption is a mixed blessing? A. Because poverty still exists in an affluent society.
B. Because moral values are sacrificed in pursuit of material satisfaction.
C. Because overconsumption won't last long due to unrestricted population growth. D. Because traditional rituals are often neglected in the process of modernization.
The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught.
It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees had been fueled mainly by ________. (02-6-22)
A. the complaints from various employers B. the success of many non-MBAs
C. the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplines D. the poor performance of MBAs at work
错误答案的特征： 1、无中生有：
出现原文没有的细节，如增添了不相关的名词或动词，或把某一句话画蛇添足。 2、偷换概念：
将定位句的名词或动词，换为与文章有关的另一个名词或动词，这一点难以察觉，值得谨慎。
3、正反混淆：
表述与原文的感情色彩相反，常为动词或形容词的错误。 4、因果颠倒：
将定位句中两事物出现的顺序颠倒，常通过表示因果关系的词来替换。 5、答非所问：
表述与原文一致，可惜不是题目问的（注意题目的主语是否与原文定位句的主语一致）。 熟练掌握错误答案的特征分成两种类型，一类是符合题干的错误（错词），一类是不符合题干的错误。 例子
The highly precise data from the two instruments—which, Bille hopes, will one day be found at
the opticians (眼镜商) all over the world—serve as a basis for the production of completely individualized contact lenses that correct and enhance the wearer's vision.
Individualized contact lenses (Line 7, Para. 2) are lenses designed ________. (03-6-38)
A. to work like an astronomical telescope B. to suit the wearer's specific needs C. to process extremely accurate data D. to test the wearer's eyesight
Bille's lenses are expected to reach the market in the year 2000, and one tentative plan is to use the Internet to transmit information on patients' visual defects from the optician to the manufacturer, who will then produce and mail the contact lenses within a couple of days. The physicist expects the lenses to cost about a dollar a pair, about the same as conventional one-day disposable lenses. Which of the following is true about Bille„s lenses? (03-6-40) A. Their production process is complicated. B. They will be sold at a very low price. C. They have to be replaced every day.
D. Purchase orders can be made through the Internet.
Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution. Competition from overseas led farmers to specialise and increase yields. Throughout this period food became cheaper, safer and more reliable. However, these changes have also led to habitat (栖息地) loss and to diminishing biodiversity. (08-12-53)
53. Specialisation and the effort to increase yields have resulted in _____. A. localised pollution
B. the shrinking of farmland C. competition from overseas D. the decrease of biodiversity
常见表示因果关系的短语：
A result in B A amount to B A give birth to B A account for B A responsible for B A give rise to B （以上短语A为原因，B为结果）
A result from B A attribute to B A owe to B
A originate from B A derive from B A stem from B （以上短语B为原因，A为结果）
细节题（三）：处理文章中的单词、句子
一、文章中不认识的单词（词汇题做法）：
1、标志：题干引用原文一个超纲单词，问其意思； 2、做法：
词根词缀法：适合有明显词根词缀的单词；用此法的考生必须熟记常见的词根词缀，尤其是词根。如cess / gress表示“向前走”，verse / volve表示“旋转”，tain表示“维持、容
95-08历年大学英语六级真题及答案(完整版)
Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
1. A) She was given a new job.
B) She was given a raise.
C) She was criticized for being late.
D) She was praised for her hard work.
2. A) Whether to employ the woman.
B) Whether to take up the new job.
C) Whether to ask for a raise.
D) Whether to buy a new house.
3. A) A teacher.
B) A psychologist.
C) A librarian.
D) A publisher.
4. A) To visit more places in the city.
B) To take a lot of pictures of the beautiful city.
C) To take some pictures of his friends.
D) To spare some time to meet his friends.
5. A) In town.
B) Out of town.
C) In the man‘s house.
D) Outside Ann‘s house.
6. A) Because she feels very hot in the room.
B) Because she wants to avoid meeting people.
C) Because she wants to smoke a cigarette outside.
D) Because she doesn‘t like the smell of smoke inside.
7. A) Painters hired by the man and woman.
B) Painters hired by Mr. Jones.
C) Mr. Jones.
D) The man and the woman.
8. A) The woman enjoyed the movie very much.
B) The woman saw a horror movie.
C) The man asked the woman to be careful at night.
D) The man went to the show with the woman.
9. A) He doesn‘t write well enough.
B) He is not a professional writer.
C) He hasn‘t got any professional experience.
D) He didn‘t perform well in the interview.
10. A) He doesn‘t think it necessary to refuel the car.
B) He can manage to get the gasoline they need.
C) He hopes the woman will help him select a fuel.
D) He thinks it is difficult to get fuel for the car.
Section B
Passage One
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11. A) Because they can‘t afford to.
B) Because they think small houses are more comfortable to live in.
C) Because big houses are usually built in the countryside.
D) Because they prefer apartments.
12. A) Because many young people have moved into comfortable apartments.
B) Because many old houses in the bad part of the town are not inhabited.
C) Because many older people sell their houses after their children leave.
D) Because many people have quit their old house to build new ones.
13. A) They have to do their own maintenance.
B) They have to furnish their own houses.
C) They will find it difficult to make the rest of the payment.
D) They will find it difficult to dispose of their old-style furniture.
Passage Two
Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14. A) They are not active hunters.
B) They don‘t sleep much.
C) They are often seen alone.
D) They don‘t eat much.
15. A) To catch the birds.
B) To look for shade in the heat of the day.
C) To catch other animals.
D) To look for a kill made by another animal.
16. A) They are larger in size.
B) They have to hunt more to feed the young.
C) They run faster.
D) They are not as lazy as the males.
Passage Three
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
17. A) Less than 30 minutes.
B) From 30 to 45 minutes.
C) At least 45 minutes.
D) More than 45 minutes.
18. A) He should show respect for the interviewer.
B) He should show confidence in himself.
C) He should talk enthusiastically.
D) He should be dressed properly.
19. A) Speaking confidently but not aggressively.
B) Talking loudly to give a lasting impression.
C) Talking a lot about the job.
D) Speaking politely and emotionally.
20. A) Professional knowledge is a decisive factor in job interview.
B) Finding a job is more difficult than one can imagine.
C) A job seeker should create a good image during an interview.
D) Self-confidence is most important for a job seeker.
Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
The process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. ―She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.‖ More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly-perhaps with a two-second glance.
We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person‘s behavior with the known others‘ behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person‘s responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person-questions, self-disclosures (自我表露), and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won‘t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically (讽刺性地) those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g., disclosure and truthful statements).
21. The word ―pinpoint‖ (Para. 1, Line 3) basically means ________.
A) appreciate
B) obtain
C) interpret
D) identify
22. What do we learn from the first paragraph?
A) People are better described in cold, objective terms.
B) The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated.
C) One should not judge people by their appearances.
D) One is usually subjective when assessing other people‘s personality.
23. It can be inferred from Berger‘s suggestions that ________.
A) people do not reveal their true self on every occasion
B) in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directly
C) the best way to know a person is by making comparisons
D) face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person
24. In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the author‘s opinion, are ________.
A) personal matters that should be seriously dealt with
B) barriers that should be done away with
C) as significant as disclosures and truthful statements
D) things people should guard against
25. The author‘s purpose in writing the passage is ________.
A) to give advice on appropriate conduct for social occasions
B) to provide ways of how to obtain information about people
C) to call the reader‘s attention to the negative side of people‘s characters
D) to discuss the various aspects of getting to know people
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
The competition among producers of personal computers is essentially a race to get the best, most innovative products to the marketplace. Marketers in this environment frequently have to make a judgement as to their competitors‘ role when making marketing strategy decisions. If major competitors are changing their products, then a marketer may want to follow suit to remain competitive. Apple Computer, Inc. has introduced two new, faster personal computers, the Mackintosh II and Mackintosh SE, in anticipation of the introduction of a new PC by IBM, one of Apple‘s major competitors.
Apple’s new computers are much faster and more powerful than its earlier models. The improved Mackintosh is able to run programs that previously were impossible to run on an Apple PC, including IBM-compatible (兼容的) programs. This compatibility feature illustrates computer manufactures‘ new attitude of giving customers the features they want. Making Apple computers capable of running IBM software is Apple‘s effort at making the Mackintosh compatible with IBM computers and thus more popular in the office, where Apple hopes to increase sales. Users of the new Apple can also add accessories (附件) to make their machines specialize in specific uses, such as engineering and writing.
The new computers represent a big improvement over past models, but they also cost much more. Company officials do not think the higher price will slow down buyers who want to step up to a more powerful computer. Apple wants to stay in the high-price end of the personal computer market to finance research for even faster, more sophisticated computers.
Even though Apple and IBM are major competitors, both companies realize that their competitor’s computers have certain features that their own models do not. The Apple line has always been popular for its sophisticated color graphics (图形), whereas the IBM machines have always been favored in offices. In the future, there will probably be more compatibility between the two companies‘ products, which no doubt will require that both Apple and IBM change marketing strategies.
26. According to the passage, Apple Computer, Inc, has introduced the Mackintosh II and the Mackintosh SE because ________.
A) IBM is changing its computer models continuously
B) it wants to make its machines specialize in specific uses
C) it wants to stay ahead of IBM in the competitive computer market
D) it expects its major competitor IBM to follow its example
27. Apple hopes to increase Mackintosh sales chiefly by ________.
A) making its new models capable of running IBM software
B) improving the color graphics of its new models
C) copying the marketing strategies of IBM
D) giving the customers what they want
28. Apple sells its new computer models at a high price because ________.
A) they have new features and functions
B) they are more sophisticated than other models
C) they have new accessories attached
D) it wants to accumulate funds for future research
29. It can be inferred from the passage that both Apple and IBM try to gain a competitive advantage by ________.
A) copying each other‘s technology
B) incorporating features that make their products distinctive
C) making their computer more expensive
D) making their computers run much faster
30. The best title for the passage would be ________.
A) Apple‘s Efforts to Stay Ahead of IBM
B) Apple‘s New Computer Technology
C) Apple‘s New personal Computers
D) Apple‘s Research Activities
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
It is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as ―hard‖, the social sciences as ―soft‖, and the biological sciences as somewhere in between. This is interpreted to mean that our knowledge of physical systems is more certain than our knowledge of biological systems, and these in turn are more certain than our knowledge of social systems. In terms of our capacity to sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects that a reverse order is more reasonable. We are able to sample earth‘s social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.
2015年6月英语六级作文解析及满分作文
2015年6月英语六级考试作文真题第一篇：
Directions: For this part, yo
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