首页 > 经典文章 > 私藏美文 > 过去英语怎么说

过去英语怎么说

时间:2018-04-05   来源:私藏美文   点击:

【www.gbppp.com--私藏美文】

过去英语怎么说 第一篇_简单日常口语:重新开始的5种英文表达

简单日常口语:重新开始的5种英文表达

1. wipe the slate clean

意思就是要将过去的事情都一笔勾销,既往不咎。

Let's just wipe the slate clean for the new year.

新的一年让我们重新来过吧。

2. from scratch

意思就是之前没有任何准备,可以理解为“从零开始,白手起家”。

He built the company from scratch.

他白手起家创建了这家公司。

3. back to the drawing board

字面上的意思是“回到绘图板去”。很多事情在开始前都要做规划,“回到绘图板”实际意思其实是“从头来过,重新开始”。

例:They rejected our proposal, so it's back to the drawing board.

我们的提议被他们否决了,所以一切又要重新开始。

4. turn over a new leaf

表示要翻开新的一页,意思是要改变自己,有更好的表现。通常会有一种“改过自新”的意味在里面。

例:I decided to turn over a new leaf and stop worrying so much.

我决定要重新开始,不再有太多顾虑。

5. make a fresh start

告别过去,想拥有一个崭新的开始?快用上这个短语吧!

例:It is never too late to make a fresh start.

任何时候想重新开始都不算晚。

过去英语怎么说 第二篇_英语中委婉语气的表达法

英语中委婉语气的表达法

在每一个民族的语言里,或多或少有些关于更礼貌更客气的表达方法,也就是委婉语气表达( overtone of politeness)。西方人的委婉更是出了名的,英语学习者经过长期的英语学习和研究不难发现英语中有许多婉转口气的表达法,它使听话者觉得说话者更有涵养或更容易接受其内容,也使自己显得更有教养。那么如何讲有礼貌的英语呢?下面就用一些例子对此做一些阐述。

1 有关请求和命令的婉转说法

这一类言语行为在不同程度上具有冒犯性,因此需要用礼貌的话把它淡化和缓解。试比较:

● Pass the water.(不礼貌 )

● Pass the water, please.(使对方容易接受。)

【过去英语怎么说】

● Would you pass the water?(试探受话人是否乐意)

● Could your possibly pass the water?(询问受话人是否有做某事的可能性,很客气) ● I would be extremely grateful if your would pass the water.(假设语气陈述句,很有礼貌) ● I wonder if you would be good enough to pass the water.(假设语气,很委婉)

受话人如何给对方答复,现分肯定回答和否定回答来研究。肯定回答:按礼貌程度由低到高排列。

● O.K.

● (Yes,) certainly.

● Yes, by all means.

● Of course. I'll be only too pleased to.

否定回答:当你被别人邀请参加聚会或其他等等活动而你因有事不能参加;或者人家有事相求你又确实帮不了,请求得不到满足,回答使发话人不悦,这时你不妨试试下面这些软否定: No, I'm afraid I can't; Well, I'd love to, but actually, I'm afraid I can't at present because...; I wish I could, but...; I'd love to, but...; I'd be glad to, but...; I'm afraid not, ...; It's very kind of you to say, but ...; I'd like to ..., but ..., etc. 让我们用一些对话做为例子 :

● A: We plan to go to the beach after class, want to come?

B: I'd love to, but Pro. Jones wants to speak with me.

● A: It never fails, It's raining hard outside and I'm stuck without an umbrella. B: I'd like to let you have mine, but I have to go out soon. ● A: Will you go to the movies with me tonight? B: I'd love to, but I've caught a cold.

● A: Could you possibly do me a favor?

B: Sure, What is it?

A: I've got a problem. I have to fix my table and I don't have a hammer. Could I possibly borrow yours? B: I'm sorry. I'm afraid I don't have one.

A: Oh .Do you know anybody who does?

B: Yes. You should call Charlie. I'm sure he'll be happy to lend you his. A: Thank you. I'll call him right away.

● A: It's such a fine day, shall we go to the park for a walk?

B: I'd like to join you, but I find it chilly to walk outside in spite of the sun.

2 劝告的婉转法

试比较下面句子(按从直截了当到较有礼貌的含蓄的劝告表达法排列)

● You ought to type this paper.(有强加于人的意向 )

● You really should slow down at your office.

● You'd better tell him the truth.

● I'd advise you to take a vacation.

● You should take your parents' advice, they know what's best for you.

● If I were you , I'd buy another car without hesitation.(含蓄地达到劝告目的) 3 建议的表达法

试比较:

● I suggest you go for some advice.(不够礼貌,用于熟悉的人 )

● I would suggest starting the work at once.(较委婉)

● You can read the novel now if you like.(给人选择余地,较客气)

● You could/might have a look at the novel.(客气)

● Why not call me next weekend?(有礼貌的建议)

● Why don't you find a decent job?(同 5))

● Can /may/Could/might I suggest that...?(使受话人容易接受)

● It would be better if you copy that again.(假设条件句,容易使人接受)

● I wonder if I might make the suggestion that...(用在正式场合,比如外交家的审慎的辞令风格)

4 如何利用某些时态婉转地表达自己种种想法

从上面所举例子,我们不难发现英语中有些时态其实并不表示真正的时态,而是与英语中的委婉语气密不可分的,例如:

4.1 某些实意动词( want, wonder, think, hope等)的过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时表现在时比直接用现在时态更婉转,如:

● A: Did you want me?

B: Yes, I wondered if you could give me some help.

● It's time you had a holiday.

● I wish you lived closer to us.

● If only you lent your book to me.

● I'm hoping you'll give us some advice.

● I'm wondering if I may have a word with you.

● I was wondering /wondered if you'd like to come out with me one evening.

● I was hoping / hoped you could send me some books.

上面所举例子实际上都可以用一般现在时来代替,但是就不如用一般过去时;现在进行时或过去进行时委婉。如:

I was wondering whether you could help me do something on our wedding.

这是一句非常礼貌的话,比“ Could you help me do something on our wedding?"要客气得多。它用的是过去进行时,表达的意思却是现在。这句话可以翻译成:“不知能否劳驾您在我们婚礼上帮我做点事情?”

如果我们沿用传统的时态概念,把这句话改成后者,那么,整句话的语气大变,显得生硬。更遭的是,句子产生了两种负面意义:我不知道你帮不帮我做这件事;对你否帮我做这事,我持怀疑态度。而用过去进行时,则不会产生以上错误理解。

4.2 一些情态动词或其他动词的过去时也用来表示委婉语气,实际上是虚拟语气,表

假设、愿望、建议、猜测、怀疑而已。而没有时间上的差别,如:

● She might have missed the train.(既是虚拟语气,也表委婉)。

● We might all have been indulging in an illusion.

● It might be an idea to try this one again.

● I would suggest you copied this out again.

● Sally couldn't love him.

● It would be better if you wrote in ink..

● You'd(You had) better be careful next time.

● I'd rather you finished this off before Friday.

● I'd rather you didn't look at the answer or ask others for help.

● This handbag could be Mary's.

● A: Could/might I smoke here?

B: Yes, of course you can. /No, I'm afraid not. ● Should I turn off the light?

● What should we do next?

● I should say he is just the right man for this job.

● I should think your approach is correct.

● I don't think he would be so absent- minded.

● It would be a pity to stop our work half- way.

● Would you like to stay here for the night?

● What would you advise me to do?

● If I had a chance, I'd major in economics.

● It's a pity if they should be so obstinate

● I wouldn't go there unless they should force me to go.

● We would reduce our price rather than lose the business.

假如上面例子的时态变成现在时的话,意思虽然没变,但语气就不如用用过去式婉转。这就需要多模仿例句,而不必过多地考虑语法。例如:

● Can you tell me how to get to the library?

Could you tell me how to get to the library?(更委婉 )

● Will you please come and help me make up the missing class?

Would you please come and help me make up the missing class?(更委婉 )

当然这些词的过去式在一定的上下文当中还是有时间差别的,这里就不多举例了。 英语的婉转语气表达还可借用其他许多方式,还让我们在学习中多多体会和积累。最后以一段关于一邮递员将一份有关儿子阵亡的电报送与一位母亲的委婉劝慰来减少它对这位母亲的打击的几句话结束此文。

“ Your son is dead. Maybe it’s a mistake. Everybody makes a mistake, Mrs. Sandoval. Maybe it wasn’ t your son. Maybe it was somebody else. The telegram says it was Juan Domingo. But maybe the telegram is wrong.”这儿你感觉到 maybe一词在语气上的婉转了吗?

参考书目:《综合英语二》;

《新编英语语法教程》; 《朗文英英字典》; 《薄冰英语语法指南》; 《中学英语教材》

过去英语怎么说 第三篇_英语过去完成时的用法总结

定义

过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。 它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。

基本结构

主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done)

①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词.

②否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词.

③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词?

肯定回答:Yes,主语+had.

否定回答:No,主语+had not .

④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词)?

基本用法

表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上下文来表示。

例如: By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟,我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。

过去完成时-语法判定

1. 由时间状语来判定

一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:

( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。如:

I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.

( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如:

We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. ( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。如:

They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.

2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。

过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在:

( 1 )宾语从句中

当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如:

She said that she had seen the film before.

( 2 )状语从句中

在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。如:

After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.

注意: before, after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。如:

After he closed the door, he left the classroom.

(3)表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

3. 根据上、下文来判定。

I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.

过去完成时-语法区别

一、 过去完成时与现在完成时的区别

现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,以现在的时间为基点,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关,其结构为“助动词 have (has) + 过去分词”;过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,以过去时间为基点,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调“过去的过去”,只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时,才用到它。

比较:I have learned 1000 English words so far.到目前为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。

I had learned 1000 English words till then.到那时为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。 — I'm sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起,让你久等了。

— Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.没什么,我只等了几分钟。(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)

二、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别

虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,但在使用时应注意以下几点:

1. 时间状语不同:过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。

比较:They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.

They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.

2. 在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时,谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断:先发生的用过去完成时,后发生的则用一般过去时。

She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.

3. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时,按时间顺序,只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时;另外,在 before , after , as soon as 引导的从句中,由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后,因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。【过去英语怎么说】

He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.

过去英语怎么说 第四篇_英语过去式的发音规则

规则动词词-ed的读音

1、清念 /t/ ,即 ed 在清辅音后面念 /t/ ,例:finished helped passed

cooked

2、元浊 /d/ ,即 ed 在元音,浊辅音后面念 /d/ ,例:borrowed enjoyed

called moved

3、/t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/ , 即 ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/例:wanted

shouted needed counted

清念 /t/ ,元浊/d/ ;

/t/ /d/ 之后念/id/

动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。

(1)一般动词在词尾加-s,-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/

ds读/dz/,ts读/ts/。

如:

help→helps/helps/,know→knows/nuz/,get→gets/gets/,read

→reads/ridz/

(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es,-es读/iz/。

如:

guess→guesses/'siz/,fix→fixes/'fiksiz/,teach→teaches/

'titiz/,wash→washes/'wiz/

注意:go→goes/uz/,do→does/dz/

(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,-ies读/iz/。

如:

carry→carries/'kriz/,fly→flies/flaiz/

注:在play→plays/pleiz/,say→says/sez/中,字母y前为元音字

母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s。

(4)特殊词例外。如:

be→is,have→has

以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发

音, 与所加“s” ,一起读做[iz]。 如:

close-closes [iz]

名词复数的规则变化

一般情况 加 -s

1.清辅音后,读/s/; map-maps

2.浊辅音和元音后,读 /z/; car-cars bag-bags

以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词 加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses watch-watches 以ce,se,ze, ge等结尾的词 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses 以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y 为i 再加es, 读 /z/ baby---babies

过去英语怎么说 第五篇_英语过去式

动词的过去式的变化及应用

   分享 ..赞赞取消赞 寒梅映雪 2011年07月31日 21:02 阅读(0) 评论(0) 分类:个人日记 权限:

公开

 o 小 o o 大

o【过去英语怎么说】

o 权限设置

o

o 转为私密日志

 

过去式,过去时态 【过去式】

1、过去发生的而现在已经结束的动作要用一般过去式来表示。

2、表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。

3、过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。

【过去时态】表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。【过去英语怎么说】

【过去时态结构】指的是过去时态下的动词形式的语法构成。

过去式就是动词的变化,表示过去发生的事。一般看到ago,before, in 几几年, work-worked

listen-listened 一般的就是直接加ed,特殊的就有一些变化。 编辑本段我的

【过去时态结构基本形式】

1、主语+动词过去式+其他;

2、否定形式

①wasn't/weren't

②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词;一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他。编辑本段概念:

表示过去的发生动作或过去存在的某种状态 编辑本段例句:

A:What did you do last weekend? (上个周末你干什么来?)

B:I played football. (我踢足球了。)

A:Did you read books? (你读书来吗?)

B:Yes,I did. (是的) 编辑本段构成

表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词

(1)一般情况下,动词词尾加 ed ,如:

work—worked; play—played;want— wanted; act—acted

(2)以不发音的 e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 d,如:

live—lived; move—moved; decide—decided; decline—declined; hope—

(3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加ed,如:

studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied

(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped

(5)注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。

go - went,make - made,get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flare-were ,see-saw ,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught, think-thought, saspend-spent, eat-ate,give-gave,sit-sat,tell-told,write-wrote,feel-felt,find

put-put,grow-grew,take-took,catch-caught,come-came,become-became,swim-s 以上的(1)至(4)条中的发音均有改变,具体分别有/d/ /t/ /id/。

而不规则动词的过去式的发音则略有不同,但是有些还是按照一定规律变化的。如make - made,get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,bring-brouspend-spent,give-gave,tell-told,write-wrote,feel-felt,find-found,hear-heardsweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew。

仔细看一看,能发现它们的一些变化规律,也就是说不需要死记硬背这些过去式,去式很有帮助的! 编辑本段用法:

(1)

表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况,通常一般过去式带有表示等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。 I worked in that factory last year. 去年我yesterday. 昨天我们去了天龙山。

一般过去时的用法一.概念:一般过去时是表示在过去的时间里发生的动作或状态

二.时间状语:yesterday, the day before yesterday(前天), two days ago(上周,上个月), just now(刚才),

at that time(在那时), in those days. (在过去的几天里)

三.过去时的用法:1.有确定的过去时间状语时要用过去式。

例:We had a good time last week. (上周我们过的很愉快。)

2.表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去式。

例:The boy closed the door and the window, and then went to bed. (那个

3. 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作,要用过去式。

例:She often came to help me at that time. (在那个时候她经常来帮我。)

四.一般过去式的构成形式:☆Be动词的过去式: (1)肯定句:主语+ be动词的过 例:He was ill yesterday(昨天她病了). She was nine two years ago(两年my students long long ago.(他们很久以前是我的学生。)

(2)否定句:主语+ be动词的过去式(was, were)+ not

例:He was not ill yesterday.She was not nine two years ago.They were n

(3)一般疑问句:直接把be动词提到句首。

例:Was he ill yesterday? (昨天他生病了吗?)

肯定回答:Yes, he was. (是的)

本文来源:http://www.gbppp.com/jd/433751/

推荐访问:英语过去式 一般过去时英语怎么说

热门文章