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2013考研 第一篇_2013考研数三真题及解析

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win

2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

数学三试题

一、选择题：1～8小题，每小题4分，共32分，下列每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求的，请将所选项前的字母填在答题纸指定位置上. ．．．

（1）当x0时，用o(x)表示比x高阶的无穷小，则下列式子中错误的是（ ） （A）xo(x)o(x) （B）o(x)o(x)o(x) （C）o(x)o(x)o(x) （D）o(x)o(x)o(x)

2

2

2

2

2

2

3

23

|x|x1（2）函数f(x)的可去间断点的个数为（ ）

x(x1)ln|x|

（A）0 （B）1 （C）2 （D）3

（3）设Dk是圆域D{(x,y)|xy1}位于第k象限的部分，记Ik则（ ） （A）I10 （B）I20 （C）I30 （D）I40

（4）设{an}为正项数列，下列选项正确的是（ ） （A）若anan1,则



2

2

(yx)dxdyk1,2,3,4，

Dk

(1)

n1



n1

an收敛

（B）若

(1)

n1

n1

an收敛，则anan1

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精勤求学 自强不息

Born to win!

（C）若

a

n1



n

P

收敛，则存在常数P1,使limnan存在

n

（D）若存在常数P1，使limnan存在，则

n

P

a

n1



n

收敛

（5）设矩阵A,B,C均为n阶矩阵，若ABC,则B可逆，则 （A）矩阵C的行向量组与矩阵A的行向量组等价 （B）矩阵C的列向量组与矩阵A的列向量组等价 （C）矩阵C的行向量组与矩阵B的行向量组等价 （D）矩阵C的行向量组与矩阵B的列向量组等价

1a1200

（6）矩阵aba与0b0相似的充分必要条件为

1a1000

（A）a0,b2 （B）a0,b为任意常数 （C）a2,b0

（D）a2,b为任意常数

（7）设X1，X2，X3是随机变量，且X1~N(0,1)，X2~N(0,2），X3~N(5,3),

2

2

PjP{2Xj2}(j1,2,3),则（ ）

（A）P1P2P3 （B）P2P1P3 （C）P3P1P2 （D）P1P3P2

（8）设随机变量X

和

Y相互独立，则X和Y的概率分布分别为，

则P{XY2} ( )

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Born to

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1 121（B）

81（C）

61（D）

2

（A）

二、填空题：914小题，每小题4分，共24分，请将答案写在答题纸指定位置上. ．．．（9）设曲线yf(x)和yxx在点(0,1)处有公共的切线，则limnf

n

2

n

________。 n2

（10）设函数zz(x,y)由方程(zy)xy确定，则（11）求

x

z

x

(1,2)

________。





1

lnx

________。

(1x)2

（12）微分方程yy

1

y0通解为y________。 4

（13）设A(aij)是三阶非零矩阵，|A|为A的行列式，Aij为aij的代数余子式，若

aijAij0(i,j1,2,3),则A____

（14）设随机变量X服从标准正态分布X~N(0,1),则E(Xe

2X

)= ________。

三、解答题：15—23小题，共94分.请将解答写在答题纸指定位置上.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或．．．演算步骤.

（15）（本题满分10分）

当x0时，1cosxcos2xcos3x与ax为等价无穷小，求n与a的值。 （16）（本题满分10分） 设D是由曲线yx

1

3，直线

n

xa(a0)及x轴所围成的平面图形，Vx,Vy分别是D绕x轴，y轴旋转一

周所得旋转体的体积，若Vy10Vx，求a的值。 （17）（本题满分10分）

设平面内区域D由直线x3y,y3x及xy8围成.计算（18）（本题满分10分）

设生产某产品的固定成本为6000元，可变成本为20元/件，价格函数为P60元，Q是销量，单位：件），已知产销平衡，求： （1）该商品的边际利润。

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2xdxdy。 D

Q

，（P是单价，单位：1000

精勤求学 自强不息

（2）当P=50时的边际利润，并解释其经济意义。 （3）使得利润最大的定价P。 （19）（本题满分10分）

设函数f(x)在[0,]上可导，f(0)0且limf(x)2，证明

x

Born to win!

（1）存在a0，使得f(a)1

（2）对（1）中的a，存在(0,a),使得f'()（20）（本题满分11分） 设A

1

. a

1a01

,B，当a,b为何值时，存在矩阵C使得ACCAB，并求所有矩阵C。 101b

（21）（本题满分11分）

a1b1

22

设二次型fx1,x2,x32a1x1a2x2a3x3b1x1b2x2b3x3，记a2,b2。

ab33

（I）证明二次型f对应的矩阵为2；

2

（II）若,正交且均为单位向量，证明二次型f在正交变化下的标准形为二次型2y12y2。

TT

（22）（本题满分11分）

3x2,0x1,

Xx0x1的设X,Y是二维随机变量，X的边缘概率密度为fXx，在给定其他.0,

条件下，Y的条件概率密度fYX

3y2

3,0yx,yxx

0,其他.

（1） 求X,Y的概率密度fx,y； （2） Y的边缘概率密度fYy. （23）（本题满分11分）

2

3ex,x0,

XN为来自总体设总体X的概率密度为fxx其中为未知参数且大于零，X1,X2，

0,其它.

X的简单随机样本.

（1）求的矩估计量；

（2）求的最大似然估计量.

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Born to

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2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

数学三试题答案

一、选择题：1～8小题，每小题4分，共32分，下列每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求的，请将所选项前的字母填在答题纸指定位置上. ．．．

（1）当x0时，用o(x)表示比x高阶的无穷小，则下列式子中错误的是（ ） （A）xo(x)o(x) （B）o(x)o(x)o(x) （C）o(x)o(x)o(x) （D）o(x)o(x)o(x) 【答案】D

【解析】o(x)o(x)o(x)，故D错误。

22

2

2

2

2

2

3

23

|x|x1（2）函数f(x)的可去间断点的个数为（ ）

x(x1)ln|x|

（A）0 （B）1 （C）2 （D）3 【答案】C

【解析】由题意可知f(x)的间断点为0,1。又

xx1exlnx1xlnx

limf(x)limlimlim1 x0x0x(x1)lnxx0x(x1)lnxx0x(x1)lnx(x)x1exln(x)1xln(x)limf(x)limlimlim1 x0x0x(x1)ln(x)x0x(x1)ln(x)x0x(x1)ln(x)xx1exlnx1xlnx1limf(x)limlimlim x1x1x(x1)lnxx1x(x1)lnxx1x(x1)lnx2

(x)x1exln(x)1xln(x)limf(x)limlimlim x1x1x(x1)ln(x)x1x(x1)ln(x)x1x(x1)ln(x)

故f(x)的可去间断点有2个。

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2013考研 第二篇_2013年考研英语一真题及答案

2013年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案 Section I Use of English

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making

individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an

inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.

To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr. Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .

He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant‘s score on the Graduate

Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardized exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.

Dr. Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate could need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .

1. [A]grants [B]submits [C]transmits [D]delivers

2. [A]minor [B]objective [C]crucial [D] external

3. [A]issue [B]vision [C]picture [D]external

4. [A] For example [B] On average [C]In principle [D]Above all

5. [A]fond [B]fearful [C]capable [D] thoughtless

6. [A] in [B] on [C]to [D] for

7. [A] if [B] until [C] though [D] unless

8. [A] promote [B] emphasize [C]share [D]test

9. [A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success

10. [A] chosen [B] studied [C] found [D] identified

11. [A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise

12. [A] inspired [B] expressed [C] conducted [D] secured

13. [A] assigned [B] rated [C] matched [D] arranged

14. [A] put [B] got [C] gave [D] took

15. [A] instead [B] then [C] ever [D] rather

16. [A] selected [B] passed [C] marked [D] introduced

17. [A] before [B] after [C] above [D] below

18. [A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate

19. [A] achieve [B] undo [C] maintain [D] disregard

20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpful

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

Text 1

In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn‘t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant‘s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.

This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn‘t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would be described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline‘s three-year indictment of ―fast fashion‖. In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don‘t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.

The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.

Overdressed is the fashion world‘s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael

Pollan‘s The Omnivore‘s Dilemma. ―Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,‖ Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.

Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can‘t be knocked off.

Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes

lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can‘t afford not to.

21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her

[A] poor bargaining skill.

[B] insensitivity to fashion.

[C] obsession with high fashion.

[D] lack of imagination.

22. According to Cline, mass-market labels urge consumers to

[A] combat unnecessary waste.

[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.

[C] resist the influence of advertisements.

[D] shop for their garments more frequently.

23. The word ―indictment‖ (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to

[A] accusation.

[B] enthusiasm.

[C] indifference.

[D] tolerance.

24. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?

[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.

[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.

[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.

[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.

25. What is the subject of the text?

[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.

[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.

[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.

[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.

Text 2

An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half. In the internet age, at least in theory, this fraction can be much reduced. By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim

―behavioural‖ ads at those most likely to buy.

In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such

fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?

In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell advertisers that they did not

want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests.

On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10, the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.

It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Getting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft‘s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.

Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. After all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, blogged: "we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?

26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that ―behavioural‖ ads help advertisers to:

[A] ease competition among themselves

[B] lower their operational costs

[C] avoid complaints from consumers

[D] provide better online services

27. ―The industry‖ (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:

[A] online advertisers

[B] e-commerce conductors

[C] digital information analysis

[D] internet browser developers

28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default

[A] many cut the number of junk ads

[B] fails to affect the ad industry

[C] will not benefit consumers

[D] goes against human nature

29. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph.6?

[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose

[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT

[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers

[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads

30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:

[A] indulgence

[B] understanding

[C] appreciation

[D] skepticism

Text 3

Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.

Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.

But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years. Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened

species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."

So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organizations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.

Perhaps willfully, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.

But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make

evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves. This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.

31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by

[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment

[B] our faith in science and technology

[C] our awareness of potential risks

[D] our belief in equal opportunity

2013考研 第三篇_2013考研英语一试题及答案

2013年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案 Section I Use of English

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or

D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.

To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr. Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .

He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13

applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant‘s score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardized exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her. Dr. Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate could need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .

1. [A]grants [B]submits [C]transmits [D]delivers

2. [A]minor [B]objective [C]crucial [D] external

3. [A]issue [B]vision [C]picture [D]external

4. [A] For example [B] On average [C]In principle [D]Above all

5. [A]fond [B]fearful [C]capable [D] thoughtless

6. [A] in [B] on [C]to [D] for

7. [A] if [B] until [C] though [D] unless

8. [A] promote [B] emphasize [C]share [D]test

9. [A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success

10. [A] chosen [B] studied [C] found [D] identified

11. [A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise

12. [A] inspired [B] expressed [C] conducted [D] secured

13. [A] assigned [B] rated [C] matched [D] arranged

14. [A] put [B] got [C] gave [D] took

15. [A] instead [B] then [C] ever [D] rather

16. [A] selected [B] passed [C] marked [D] introduced

17. [A] before [B] after [C] above [D] below

18. [A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate

19. [A] achieve [B] undo [C] maintain [D] disregard

20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpful

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

Text 1

In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn‘t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant‘s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.

This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn‘t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would be described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline‘s three-year indictment of ―fast fashion‖. In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don‘t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.

The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.

Overdressed is the fashion world‘s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan‘s The

Omnivore‘s Dilemma. ―Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,‖ Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.

Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate

Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can‘t be knocked off.

Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can‘t afford not to.

21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her

[A] poor bargaining skill.

[B] insensitivity to fashion.

[C] obsession with high fashion.

[D] lack of imagination.

22. According to Cline, mass-market labels urge consumers to

[A] combat unnecessary waste.

[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.

[C] resist the influence of advertisements.

[D] shop for their garments more frequently.

23. The word ―indictment‖ (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to

[A] accusation.

[B] enthusiasm.

[C] indifference.

[D] tolerance.

24. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?

[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.

[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.

[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.

[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.

25. What is the subject of the text?

[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.

[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.

[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.

[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.

Text 2

An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half. In the internet age, at least in theory, this fraction can be much reduced. By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim ―behavioural‖ ads at those most likely to buy.

In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?

In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be

followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests.

On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10, the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.

It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Getting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to

behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft‘s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.

Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. After all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before.

Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, blogged: "we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?

26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that ―behavioural‖ ads help advertisers to:

[A] ease competition among themselves

[B] lower their operational costs

[C] avoid complaints from consumers

[D] provide better online services

27. ―The industry‖ (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:

[A] online advertisers

[B] e-commerce conductors

[C] digital information analysis

[D] internet browser developers

28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default

[A] many cut the number of junk ads

[B] fails to affect the ad industry

[C] will not benefit consumers

[D] goes against human nature

29. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph.6?

[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose

[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT

[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers

[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads

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