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A Review of The CATCH-22（First Chapter） When I am reading the first chapter of the CATCH-22, the
biggest impression it gives me is, of course, the "black humor
". Catch-22 is a satirical and historical novel by the American
author Joseph Heller.
A catch-22 is a paradoxical situation in which an individual
cannot avoid a problem because of contradictory constraints or
rules. Often these situations are such that solving one part
of a problem only creates another problem, which ultimately leads back to the original problem.
The First Chapter mainly talks about Captain John Yossarian,
a U.S. Army Air Forces B-25 bombardier, and a number of other
characters. Not wanting to face the violence of World War II,
Yossarian has gone to an Italian military hospital claiming to
have a pain in his liver. John Yossarian is both a member of the squadron’s【catch-22】
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community and alienated by it. Although he flies and lives with
the men, he is marked as an outsider by the fact that many of
the men think he is insane. His difference from the rest of the
men leads us to expect something exceptional from Yossarian.
But Yossarian’s characteristics are not those of a typical
hero. In fact, from the first chapter we can learn that his
primary goal throughout the novel is to avoid risking his life【catch-22】
whenever possible.
The system of values around Yossarian is so skewed that this
approach seems to be the only truly moral stance he can take,
if only because it is so logical. What we come to hate about
military bureaucracy as we read Catch-22 is its lack of logic;
men are asked to risk their lives again and again for reasons
that are utterly illogical and unimportant. So there is no doubt
that why in this illogical world, Yossarian seizes hold of one
true, logical idea—that he should try to preserve life.
Then we can learn from the First Chapter that the language
Feature of this Novel is black humor. It is a form of humor that
regards human suffering as absurd rather than pitiable, or that
considers human existence as ironic and pointless but somehow
comic.
Heller abandons traditional writing method. He adopts a new
way to write Catch-22. He makes the words, phrases, and even
the whole sentence in disorder resulting in people’s realizing
the crazy and morbidity of the whole society. This is the
feature of black humor. There are plenty of repeating, dubious
and paradoxical words, phrases, and dialogues.
The paradoxical and confusing sentences are going counter
to common sense aiming to hint the world’s ridiculous. Heller
deliberately creates some confusing sentences. He plans to
express clearly but he doesn’t do that. Actually, they are
playing contrary roles.
Generally speaking, the traditional novelists try to make
their novels clear. Dubious is not allowed; while Heller just
uses such sentences to let the people know the absurdity and
irrationality of the world. We feel difficult to understand the
logic order of his sentence, let alone the meaning. His
sentences are to explain but make us more and more confused. In conclusion, black humor, one of the main literature genes
of American literature in 1960s, is closely associated with
Joseph Heller’s Catch-22.
毕业设计（论文）【catch-22】
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从黑色幽默的角度分析《第二十二条军规》 英语07级2班 职称： 讲 师 407070
从黑色幽默的角度分析《第二十二条军规》
摘 要
《第二十二条军规》是当代美国作家约瑟夫﹒海勒的讽刺小说，被认为是黑色幽默的代表作。该作品发表后，黑色幽默这股文学浪潮才得以兴起。这部小说主要取材于约瑟夫﹒海勒在空军服役期间的经历，讲述了一个喧闹，荒诞，富有讽刺意味同时又荡气回肠的战争故事。该小说以二战后期为创作背景，以黑色幽默的角度表现了战争的愚蠢，以一种极致的荒谬而不是对于痛苦和血腥场面的图解般描写的方式揭示了武装冲突的恐怖和毫无意义。
本文阐述了黑色幽默的特点以及黑色幽默的影响，对《第二十二条军规》做了大概描述，并从人物塑造，语言使用，社会环境，结构特点四方面以黑色幽默的视角阐明了世界的荒诞性，旨在为更好的理解该文学作品和黑色幽默的精髓提供启迪。
关键词：《第二十二条军规》，黑色幽默，荒诞，约瑟连
An Analysis of the Catch-22 from the
Perspective of Black Humor
Abstract
Catch-22 is a satirical novel by the contemporary American author Joseph Heller. Since its publication, the literature trend toward black humor becomes prevalent. The novel draws heavily on his air force experience and presents a war story that is at once hilarious, grotesque, cynical and stirring. The novel, set during the latter stage of World WarⅡ, presenting the horrible meaninglessness of armed conflicts through a kind of desperate absurdity rather than through graphic depictions of suffering and violence.
The paper is going to talk about the characteristics of black humor and the significances of black humor. Then the author talks about the general idea in Joseph Heller’s masterpieces Catch-22, analyses the absurdity of world from characterization, language use and society involved in the Catch-22. This paper aims to bring enlightenment to the comprehension of the novel and understanding of the black humor.
Key Words: Catch-22; black humor; absurdity; Yossarian
Table of contents
Ⅰ. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1
Ⅱ.Literature Review...................................................................................................... 2
A. Black Humor ...................................................................................................... 2
1. Characteristic of Black Humor ................................................................. 2
2. Significance of Black Humor in American Literature ................................. 3
B. The Background of Black Humor and Catch-22 ............................................... 4
C. Joseph Heller and His Catch-22 ......................................................................... 4
III.Analysis of the Black Humor in Catch-22 from Four Aspects ................................. 5
A. Characters........................................................................................................... 5
1. Characteristics of Yossarian ......................................................................... 5
2. The Soldier in White .................................................................................... 7
3. Characteristics of Milo ................................................................................. 8
B. Social Circumstance ......................................................................................... 10
1. The Impotence of Language ...................................................................... 10
2. The Absolute Power of Bureaucracy ......................................................... 11
3.Loss of Religious Faith ............................................................................... 11
C. Symbolic Meanings .......................................................................................... 12
1. Catch-22 ..................................................................................................... 12
2. Aerial Photographs ..................................................................................... 13
3. Chocolate-Covered Cotton......................................................................... 14
D. Structural Feature ............................................................................................. 14
Ⅴ.Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 15
Bibliography ................................................................................................................ 17
An Analysis of the Catch-22 from the
Perspective of Black Humor
Ⅰ. Introduction
The novel of absurd can be explained as novel of black humor. Since the publication of Catch-22, the literature trend toward black humor became prevalent. The use of black humor in Catch-22 is a perfect example of its very intention.
This paper is going to discuss Joseph Heller’s masterpiece Catch-22 from the perspective of black humor. In this paper, the author will try to discuss some representative characteristics, social circumstances, symbolic meanings and the structure features. Making readers clearer of the black humor and more familiar with the novel of absurd which uses the perspective of black humor to present the absurd world. After the reader grasps its true meaning, they could not help the bitter simile. Catch-22 has become one of the defying novels of the twentieth century. It presents an utterly unsentimental vision of war, stripping all romantic pretenses away from combat, replacing visions of glory and honor with a kind of night marsh comedy of violence, bureaucracy, and paradoxical madness. Catch-22 relies heavily on humor to convey the insanity of war, presenting the horrible meaningless of armed conflict through a kind of desperate absurdity rather than through graphic depictions of suffering and violence.
After the publication of Catch-22 that Heller as a specialized writer is remembered by the world. This work is called the epic in the 1960s. By describing an apparently crazy world, he exposes the corruption of American society, where the social bureaucrats, related to capital power, brought suffering and death to the ordinary people. Joseph Heller put abnormal people and things as normal in writing, making so incredible things reasonable so that all the normal things become ridiculous and the absurd world is full of humor.
The novel Catch-22 mainly tells a story about a pilot soldier named Yossarian. This story happens in the Word War Ⅱ. Serving in the army for a long time, he gets
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