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理工类C级预测点题文章
【阅读理解】
第一篇：
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what's going on in the world; they're affected by what's going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who've just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter．Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, France, wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain's high-level thinking processes get involved.
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about 1/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen—a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception, not in thinking processes, Radel says.
"This is something great to me. Humans Can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of 6 our motives and needs," Radel says. 中文翻译：
我们的视觉服务于我们的胃口
我们的五官不仅仅让我们感知世界，还受大脑活动的影响。一项新研究发现：比起那些刚刚用过餐的人，饥饿的人能更清晰地看到与食品有关的词。
数十年以来，心理学家已经知道我们的心理活动直接影响到我们的视觉。例如，贫穷的孩子看到的硬币比实际的要大；饥饿的人看到的食物图片更明亮。法国的尼斯索菲亚安提波利斯大学试图调查这一现象：发生这种情况的时间是在大脑从眼睛接收到视觉信号的即时还是稍后些，这时高级思维活动已经
介入了。
雷戴尔招募了健康指数正常的42位学生作为被试者。在测试的当天，每个学生被告知在中午到达实验室，这时距上一次的用餐时间有3-4个小时。等他们到达实验室时，他们被告知实验时间有延迟。一半学生被告知十分钟后再回来；其余的给1个小时的时间先吃午饭。所以一半学生饿着肚子，另一半学生饱腹参加了此次实验。
实验的步骤如下：要求被试者看电脑屏幕。屏幕上的80个字以1/300秒的频率闪动。由于字体非常之小，被试者只能凭感觉捕捉到字形。1/4的字是与食物有关的。每闪动一个字，被试者回答字体的亮度并选择看到的是哪类词：一类是和食物有关的词，比如“蛋糕”；一类是中性词，比如“船”。由于每个词的闪动在瞬间完成，被试者根本看不清楚那个词是什么。
饥饿的人看到与食物有关的词更明亮，且能更好地辨认出与食物有关的词。由于每个词的闪动太快，其实那些被试者根本不会确切地看到什么，这就说明：他们只是感觉不同，根本没经过思考。雷戴尔给出了这样的解释。
雷戴尔说：“这就是重点所在。人类可以真正感知到自身的需要或者为之奋斗的目标。该实验使我了解这样的事实，即我们的大脑是受我们的动机和需要所支配的。”
1. What does the new study mentioned in Paragraph 1 find?
A. Hungry people see every word more clearly than ordinary people.
B. Hungry people are always thinking of food-related words.
C. Hungry people are more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people.
D. Hungry people do not have lower-level of thinking process.
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】
第一步：划出题干的信息词：new study，find，Paragraph 1。
第二步：信息词回归原文定位到第一段最后一句：A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who've just eaten.
第三步：对比题干和原文信息，原文说一项新研究发现：比起那些刚刚用过餐的人，饥饿的人能更清晰地（more clearly）看到与食品有关的词（food-related words）。比较四个选项，C选项说比起吃饱了的人（stomach-full people）饥饿的人（Hungry people）对食品相关的词更敏感（more sensitive），和原文中的能更清晰地（more clearly）看到与食品有关的词（food-related words）为同义改写，意思一致，所以本题答案为C选项。
2. Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment?
A. Because hungry people needed time to fill their stomach.
C. Because noon was not the right time for any experiment.
D. Because Radel needed time to select participants in terms of body mass index.
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】
第一步：划出题干的信息词：delay on the day of the experiment。
第二步：信息词回归原文，信息词delay出现在第三段第三句：Then they were told there was a delay.
第三步：对比题干和原文信息，原文第三段说Radel为了保证42名学生到达实验室时是空腹，所以要求他们中午到达。然后告诉一部分学生实验时间推迟了，请他们10分钟后再来。他又请另外一部分学生用午餐。Radel用推迟实验的方法造就了两组实验者，即饥饿组与饱食组。比较四个选项，B选项说因为Radel想创造出两组实验者，饥饿组（hungry）与饱食组（non-hungry）。所以题目中说的这个实验当天的推迟（delay on the day of the experiment）是实验者Radel故意设计的，目的是把实验者分成饥饿的和饱食的两组，以达到真实效果。本题答案为B选项。
3. What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Human's senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what's going on in the world.
B. What's perceived by our senses affects our way of thinking.
C. Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.
D. Thinking processes guarantee the normal functions of our senses.
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】
第一步：本题是一道主旨题，题目问作者想告诉我们什么？
第二步：结合标题的意思“我们的视觉服务于我们的胃口”，然后回到原文中重点查看文章第一句和最后一句，第一句说Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what's going on in the world; they're affected by what's going on in our heads.我们的五官不仅仅让我们感知世界；还受大脑活动的影响。最后一句说From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of 6 our motives and needs,” Radel says.该实验使我了解这样的事实，即我们的大脑是受我们的动机和需要所支配的。
第三步：比较原文信息和四个选项，C选项说Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.和文章最后一句基本一致，与原文意思相符。所以本题答案为C选项。
4. What did the results of the experiment indicate?
A. 80 words flashed on the screen too fast for the participant to intentionally perceive.
B. Hungry people were better at identifying neutral words.
C. People who had just eaten were better at identifying food-related words.
D. The participants could barely perceive what they needed or what they strived for.
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】
第一步：划出题干的信息词：results of the experiment，本题为推断题，问这个实验结果表明（indicate）什么？
第二步：信息词回归原文定位到，第四段描述了这个实验的结果。分析四个选项，A选项对应到第二三句：One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about 1/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive.屏幕上的80个字以1/300秒的频率闪动。由于字体非常之小，被试者只能凭感觉捕捉到字形。原文中的consciously和A选项中的intentionally为同义改写，表示“有意地，有意识地”。A选项说屏幕上的80个字非常快速闪过，被试者只能有意识地感知（intentionally perceive），和原文表达的意思一样，所以正确。本题答案为A选项。
5. What can we infer from the passage?
A. 42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation.
B. An experiment with hungry and non-hungry participants is not reliable.
C. Our thinking processes are independent of our senses.
D. Humans can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes.
【正确答案】D
【答案解析】
第一步：本题为推断题，问从这篇文章中可以推断出什么？
第二步：根据对原文的理解，分析四个选项，A选项说对于一个严肃的调查来说，42个人的实验样本（42 participants）太小了（too small），原文没有说实验人数样本是否太小之类的信息。B选项说一个实验中有饥饿的人（hungry）和饱食的人（non-hungry）是不可靠的（not reliable），这个信息无法中原文中推断出来。原文中只说到了为了达到实验效果，故意在实验当天设计了一个延迟（delay）来造就两个组。C选项说我们的思维活动过程和我们的感官知觉是分离的（independent），文章没有讨论这方面的问题。D选项说人类在没有进行高水平思维活动时也可以感知到自身的需要。这在最后一段第二句中可以得到体现：Humans Can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. 意思是人类可以真正感知到自身的需要或者为之奋斗的目标。都出现了perceive what they need，所以本题答案为D选项。
第二篇： An Essential Scientific Process
All life on the earth depends upon green plants. Using sunlight, the plants produce their own food. Then animals feed upon the plants. They take in the nutrients the plants have made and stored. But that’s not all. Sunlight also helps a plant produce oxygen. Some of the oxygen is used by the plant, but a plant usually produces more oxygen than it uses. The excess oxygen is necessary for animals and other organisms to live.
The process of changing light into food and oxygen is called photosynthesis. Besides light energy from the sun, plants also use water and carbon dioxide. The water gets to the plant through its roots. The carbon dioxide enters the leaves through tiny openings called stomata. The carbon dioxide travels to chloroplasts, special cells in the bodies of green plants. This is where photosynthesis takes place. Chloroplasts contain the chlorophylls that give plants their green color. The chlorophylls are the molecules that trap light energy. The trapped light energy changes water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and a simple sugar called glucose.
Carbon dioxide and oxygen move into and out of the stomata. Water vapor also moves out of the stomata. More than 90 percent of water a plant takes in through its roots escapes through the stomata. During the daytime, the stomata of most plants are open. This allows carbon dioxide to enter the leaves for photosynthesis. As night falls, carbon dioxide is not needed. The stomata of most plants close. Water loss stops.
If photosynthesis ceased, there would be little food or other organic matter on the earth. Most organisms would disappear. The earth’s atmosphere would no longer contain oxygen. Photosynthesis is essential for life on our planet.
中文翻译：
一个至关重要的科学过程
地球上所有的生命都依靠绿色植物生存。植物利用阳光制造自己的食物。而动物则以植物为食。它们吸收植物制造和储存的营养物质。但是植物能做的不仅仅是这些。植物还能利用阳光制造氧气。这些氧气的一部分被植物自身消耗了，但植物制造的氧气远多于它们消耗的氧气。这些额外的氧气对于动物以及其他生物体的生存是至关重要的。
植物将光转化为食物和氧气的过程叫做光合作用。植物不仅吸收阳光中的能量，还吸收水和二氧化碳。水通过根系进入植物体内。二氧化碳通过小孔进入叶子，这些小孔叫做气孔。二氧化碳到达叶绿体，叶绿体是绿色植物体内的一种特殊细胞。光合作用就是在这里发生的。叶绿体内含有叶绿素，这种物质使得叶子呈现绿色。叶绿素是能够收集光能的分子。收集来的光能将水和二氧化碳转化，产生氧气和一种单糖——葡萄糖。
二氧化碳和氧气通过气孔进出。水蒸气也是从气孔逸出。植物体通过根系吸收的水分中，超过90%都是从气孔逸出的。白天，大多数植物的气孔都是张开的。这使得二氧化碳能进入叶子参与光合作用。到了夜晚，植物不再需要二氧化碳。大多数植物的气孔就关闭了。水分散失也停止了。
如果光合作用停止，地球上将不会再有食物或其他有机物质。大多数生物体都会消失。地球的大气中将不再有氧气。光合作用对于地球上的生命来说是至关重要的。
1．In the first paragraph，the word “excess” means
A heavy.
B extra.
1
[单选题]
以下哪项不属于急救现场止血技术？
A、
压迫包扎法
B、
直接按压止血法
C、
填塞法
D、
“八”字缝合止血法
参考答案： D、
题目解析：
真棒,答对了！
2
[单选题]
以下哪项不属于急救现场止血技术？
A、
加垫屈肢止血法
B、
嵌夹法
C、
连续缝合止血法
D、
止血带止血法
参考答案： C、
题目解析：
真棒,答对了！
3
[单选题]
以下哪些材料不可以用来急救现场止血？
A、
洁净的毛巾
B、
污染的辅料
C、
洁净的手绢
D、
干净的三角巾
参考答案： B、
题目解析：
真棒,答对了！
4
[单选题]
以下哪类伤员应优先处理？
A、
惊恐不安者
B、
有活动性出血者
C、
四肢骨折者
D、
呼吸心跳停止者
参考答案： D、
题目解析：
真棒,答对了！
5
[单选题]
手指出血，压迫止血的位置是：
A、
手指的两侧
B、
手指的前后
C、
手指的伤口上
D、
手腕处
参考答案： A、
题目解析：
很抱歉，答错了。
6
[单选题]
以下哪个不是经常使用的包扎材料：【有关关怀的文章怎样点题】
A、
绷带
B、
三角巾
C、
四角巾
D、
四头带
参考答案： C、
题目解析：
很抱歉，答错了。
7
[单选题]
关于头部包扎，以下哪项是错误的：
A、
用无菌敷料或洁净布料压迫止血
B、
耳、鼻漏液时，应该堵塞耳道和鼻孔
C、
用尼龙网套固定敷料包扎
D、
耳、鼻漏液提示颅底骨折可能
参考答案： B、
题目解析：
真棒,答对了！
8
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