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2011年广州一模“多走一步”作文范文示例
1号文 56分
多走一步
人生，是一条望不到尽头的路，而远方，则是每个追梦者梦寐以求的天堂，人们总以为下一站会有更美的风景，下一站会有更动人的故事，殊不知，下一站或许荆棘密布，下一站不一定会春暖花开。
有时候，多走一步，或许就会与幸福擦肩而过。
柏拉图在稻香满溢的田埂上寻找着爱情的真谛，他总以为前方还有更大更饱满的稻穗，于是一次次放弃了心中的选择，结果当他走完田埂的时候，竟是两手空空。多走一步，让他错过了最美的选择。
博学睿智的大哲学家尚且如此，我们这些凡夫俗子自然会被绕进这“希望的怪圈”。于是，我们终其一生都在忙着两件事：告别与寻觅。带着“多走一步便会成功”的信念，我们执着地向前奔跑着，跑过了鸟语花香的春天，跑过了硕果累累的秋季，最后，迎接我们的是无边而绝望的黑暗。这才发现，在奔跑间我们已错过了人生最美的风景。
人生并非竞技场，多走一步并不能为你加分，反而让你错失无数美好。 生命如同小说，重要的不在于长度，而在于深度。当今社会，人心浮躁，每个人都想比别人多走一步，都以为走得快，走得远便是成功。于是现在的“房奴”“车奴”不断涌现，街头上是行色匆匆的人潮，地铁里，是神色疲惫的白领们。为了多走一步，便将生命里的闲适安逸统统割弃，未免有些得不偿失。
台湾作家舒圆治是一个饶有趣味的“怪人”，在年纪尚轻而名噪文坛之时选择了离开，不愿在盛名的路上多走一步。他开始流浪，去美国，去瑞士，去英国„„他的生活丰富却也简陋，他的文字简洁而颇有意味。在名誉与金钱的路上，他少走了几步，但他人生的大道，却因此更加宽阔而丰富。
最富有智慧的人不是走得多，走得远，而是懂得选择，甘于停留的智者。 在人生道路上行走，不要只顾着奔跑，只顾着速度，慢下来，看看两旁的风景，停下来，想想自己的人生。
学会知足，美丽就在身边。
1
2号文 50分
多走一步
生活中我们常常需要多走一步。多走一步，心中的星辰也许会变得明亮；多走一步，也许迷宫的出口就在转角；多走一步，也许在不经意间你便打开了生活给你的宝藏。
多走一步，意味着比别人多付出几分汗水，需要一份坚毅。每天清晨提前五分钟的闹铃是比别人多走一步；每次训练的提前热身，最后离场是比别人多走一步；每个空闲时刻的充分利用，毫不放过，是比别人多走一步。而这些，若想要长期坚持，就必须具备一份坚毅，一份水滴石穿，铁杵磨成针的决心与恒心。而这每多走的一步，一旦积累起来，就能助你走向成功。
多走一步，不仅需要汗水的付出，更需要讲求智慧。因为多走一步，并非蛮干，而是巧干。多走一步，我们需要分析清楚自己的缺点，如此的一步方能弥补自身的不足。否则，极可能南辕北辙。多走一步，我们需要辨清前方的路况，正如打仗作战，必先探清敌军行动方可布置战术，盲目地多走一步，只会让自己陷入雷区。用心思考，带上智慧烙印的每一小步才会汇成江河奔流入海。
“今天不走，明天要跑。”多走一步，是在为未来付出。哈佛大学图书馆中有这样的一条训言：“今天不走，明天要跑。”而哈佛大学中的学生都十分勤奋，都走出不为人知的每一小步。从凌晨四点的座无虚席，到除100间图书馆外的其它“另类图书馆”。正因为哈佛人有为未来付出的远见，愿意比别人多走一步，才决定了哈佛在世界大学中的排名。
多走一步，铸就成功。“全能士兵”何祥美，用他的行动向我们证明了多走一步的威力。“当兵就要当能打仗的兵。”为了自己的理想，他投身于海陆空三栖作战的学习中去。在刻苦训练之余，阅读了大量书籍，提升知识实力。终于，他从“枪王”到“全能特种兵”，上山下海，飞天遁地，无所不能。他所多走的每一步，都给他的成功做出了贡献。
多走一步吧，坚持每天多付出几分汗水，坚持在每走一步前用心思考，想到自己正为未来付出着，多走一步，何乐而不为呢？
3号文 49分
多走一步
2
在人生这条单程道上，没有人可以告诉我们前方是鸟语花香还是万丈深渊。假如我们就此停住，就永远无法得知前面是什么，但多走一步，或许就可以取得成功。
在困难中多走一步，或许可以看见成功的曙光。
中国达人秀冠军刘伟曾说：“我要么赶紧死，要么精彩地活着。”在失去双臂，看似再也无法实现自己的音乐梦想时，刘伟在这困难中勇敢地再多走一步，才实现了他用双脚在琴键上弹奏出动人音乐的成功。与此类似的，王宝强正是在寄出一百份个人资料仍不被相中时多走一步，继续用维持生计的钱推销自己，才获得了成功。
在荆棘满布的人生路上，每个人都被困难打击得难以再向前一步，但是，只有经历“苦心志，劳筋骨，饿体肤，空乏身”我们才有可能实现“鸿鹄之志”。在困难中多走一步吧，成功就在前方。
在合作中多走一步，或许可以收获双赢的果实。
著名音乐家舒伯特在成名前生活困顿不堪，连买创作用的纸的钱也没有。一日，马勒看见舒伯特如此状况，随即用刚买的纸与墨，划上五线谱赠给舒伯特，舒伯特才可以继续创作音乐。而事后马勒曾说他画的最好的作品，就是赠予舒伯特的五线谱。
在合作中多走一步，有时不止让他人拥有实现梦想的机会，还可能让自己从中获益良多。在如今的社会中，一个人很难成功。假如在合作中多走一步，通向成功的阶梯就会出现在前方。
在竞争中多走一步，或许就能登上成功的顶峰。
著名的科学家特斯拉因为发明了交流电，与支持直流电的爱迪生意见不一，由此开展了“电流大战”。而正是在这场竞争中，特斯拉多走一步，改进了交流电，最终实现了远距离输电，让交流电流入了寻常百姓家。
在竞争日渐激烈的现今社会，每个人都渴望成功，而为了能脱颖而出，在竞争中多走一步显得尤其重要。正如“月球的一小步，人类的一大步”，多走一步的距离不止是几米的长度，而是连接现实与梦想的高度。在竞争中多走一步，才能脱颖而出，鹤立鸡群。
绚烂的彩虹总在暴风雨之后，幸运女神总是眷顾为理想付出辛勤汗水的人，丰硕的果实总是在多种因素共同作用下结出，在困难、竞争、合作中多走一步，理想的帆船将引领我们驶向成功的彼岸。
3
4号文 48分
中国教育的“多走一步 ”
胎教，是近年来新兴的教育方式，在中国格外风行。进行胎教的父母都希望孩子在还没有睁眼看世界的时候就比别人“多走一步”，让孩子在未来能走在别人前面。这效果当然不错，因为孩子那时候还没有主观意识。
在幼儿园时，这些父母也希望自己的孩子又能“多走一步”，所以便催促着老师们教他们写字、学一年级的数学等。可是，这些年纪的孩子手小不够力气，连握笔的姿势也难以学好。如果强迫着他们去学，这必催生出各种各样的，光怪陆离的姿势。等他们长大一点的时候，这种“畸形”的手势想改也难，这不是给日后孩子学习书法等平添了障碍吗？但是，这些父母为了让孩子“多走一步”，竟无视了这些，更无视了启蒙式教育的理论依据。如果幼儿园老师因此而选择不教孩子“多走一步”，这些父母便会责怪老师，说自己的孩子“输在起跑线上”。那么老师们该是教还是不教好呢？
中国许多的父母都有一个特点，他们都认为自己知道怎样做是对自己的孩子好，不管是否有理论根据，更不管孩子们是否喜欢。而且，他们相信自己的孩子绝对的优秀。如果遇到失败，他们只会认为孩子不够努力而已，而且，他们都相信自己的孩子足够坚强。所以，在孩子的整个成长过程中，他们都会随时随地地让自己的孩子“多走一步”，不管孩子是否喜欢，是否愿意，只一味孤行。
可是，有的时候多走一步，并不能改变什么，甚至带来不好的结果。
譬如，近年来兴起的“奥赛热”，父母在孩子二三年级的时候便把孩子们推向奥赛的题海中，也是为了“多走一步”，不因为孩子们的兴不兴趣。结果，甚至连各大媒体也频频报道，一些中小学生压力过大，负担过重，导致情绪不稳定，烦躁易怒，甚至个别学生产生自杀的念头„„难道这“多走一步”对孩子的成长就像这样“好”吗？
相比之下，美国的许多父母却从小就给予自己的孩子选择的权利，从不强迫他们做什么，更不会胡乱替他们选择什么。难道我们就不能学习一下？尝试不这样“多走一步”？
5号文 46分
多走一步
4
一步的距离，不过半米。它可以很短，是一位老人蹒跚着颤颤巍巍的双脚，浅淡无痕印下的脚印；它也可以很长，是阿姆斯特朗在荒芜的月球踏下坚毅的一步，凝聚无数科学家的血与泪，携带着千千万万人的飞天梦。多走的那一步谁也不知它是短或长，何不踏出脚试试呢？
多走一步，是对梦想的坚持。一个又矮又胖，一个又高又瘦，两个不相配的身形，为着同一个梦想走出了一步。曾经质问过“坚持，坚持，多少钱一茶匙”，曾经在颁奖台下空坐了八年，但他们没有放弃，他们清楚自己心中的那个梦——将音乐种子撒播到每一个人心中。即使无人认识，即使生活拮据，他们还是凭着对梦想的那份热诚，多走了一步。那一步，他们走到了香港最受欢迎组合的台阶。那一步，他们走到了连街上的主妇见到都会热情地向他们打招呼的位置。他们是香港当红的说唱组合——农夫。他们凭着对梦想的坚持，多走了一步，凭借说唱这个冷门的音乐类型走出属于自己的光明大道。农夫说，他们还会走下去，因为他们还坚持着那个梦想。
多走一步，是对信念的执著。在高考两次落败的情况下，他的家人也开始劝阻他；在尝试了四次出国未果的情况下，他的留学梦渐渐消逝。他放弃了吗？不！并没有。我们都以为应该放弃的时候，他凭着对信念的执著，他又多走了一步，他开始了第三次高考。这一考，命运之轮终于转动，他考上了北京大学。他紧握着那个已殇之梦的痕迹，他又多走了一步，他开创了一间学校，帮助别人圆留学梦。他是俞敏洪，新东方学校的董事长。他有执著的信念，他多走了一步。那多走的一步，引领他走到了豁然开朗的开阔境地。
有的人，害怕下一步是万劫不复的深渊，他们止步不前，甚至倒退，他们永远都留在了原点；有的人，无惧下一步的豺狼野兽与荆棘满途，他们又多走了一步，然后又多走了一步，在到达彼岸时，才惊觉原来已经向着梦想与信念走了过来。
梦想太高太远，走一步，够不着？那就再多走一步吧，说不定那多走的一步会遇见天使赋予你的一双翅膀，使你得以飞向梦想。要知道，一步是量变，多走一步是质变也说不定。
6号文 44分
多走一步
5
2011年广州一模
英 语
2011.01
本试卷共11页，四大题，满分135分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The subject of what separates art and design has been debated for a long time. Artists and designers both create visual works using a/an knowledge background, but their reasons for doing so are different. Some designers consider themselves artists, but few artists consider themselves .
So what exactly is the difference between art and design? Perhaps the most fundamental difference that we can all agree on is their . Typically, the process of creating a work of art starts with nothing, a blank sheet of paper.
A of art is born from a view or value that the artist holds within himself or herself. They create the art to share that feeling with others, to by it. The most renowned and successful art today is something that establishes the strongest connection between the artist and their By contrast, when a designer sets out to whether a message, an image, an idea or an action. The designer’s job isn’t to invent something , but to communicate something that already exists, for a purpose. That purpose is almost always to motivate the audience , visit a location, or learn certain information. The
most designs are those that most effectively their message and motivate their consumers to carry out a task.
1. A. unique B. separate C. shared D. accepted
2. A. entirely B. occasionally C. hardly D. unnecessarily
3. A. inventors B. designers C. writers D. viewers
4. A. purpose B. product C. interest D. cost
5. A. love B. type C. part D. work
6. A. stop B. allow C. require D. move
7. A. understood B. fooled C. inspired D. discouraged
8. A. political B. social C. physical D. emotional
9. A. supporters B. audiences C. buyers D. enemies
10. A. sell B. imagine C. create D. draw
11. A. fixed B. good C. strange D. positive
12. A. surprising B. special C. creative D. new
13. A. phone B. service C. language D. name
14. A. important B. creative C. successful D. unusual
15. A. learn B . receive C. confuse D. communicate
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。
Viennese-born composer Frederick Loewe, we remember from his classical musicals including “My Fair Lady” and “Camelot”, was not always famous. He studied piano with the great masters of Europe and achieved huge success as a (music) and composer in his early years. But he immigrated to the United States, he failed as a pianist. For a while he tried other types of work including gold mining and boxing. he never gave up his dream and continued to play the piano and write music.
those difficult years, he could not always afford (make) payments on his piano. One day, bent over the keyboard, he could hear nothing but the music that he played with such rare inspiration. When he finished and looked up, he was astonished to find that he had (seat) on the floor. They said nothing and made no movement toward the piano. Instead, they dug into their pockets, pooled together enough money for the payment, placed it on the piano and walked out, empty (hand). Moved by the beauty of his music, these men recognized excellence and responded to .
II 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Heading off to college this year? Here are some fashion tips from our experts you should keep in mind: Dress to impress: Stylist and business consultant Daniela Smith says, “Girls should keep in mind that your
college professors will often be the bridge that connects you to your future career and your classmates will become your professional network. You don’t need to dress like you’re going to the office, but you should display an ability to properly present yourself with appropriate maturity and confidence, and look put together.”
Logo mania (品牌狂热症): Wearing the logos of brands aimed at younger customers physically identifies you as part of that age group, so consider the targeted age group of the stores you shop at. It’s tempting to load up on logos, especially well-known logos that signify high-end brands. But consider this: college is a time of
self-discovery, a chance to develop your own personal style. Instead of wearing logos head to toe, “walking advertisement”-style, why not express who you really are?
Wear real pants! The combination of leggings and baggy shirts is all too common on college campuses. Smith points out that leggings, yoga pants, and sweatpants are entirely unacceptable in public unless you’re exercising. Although leggings worn as pants are a common trend among high school and college girls, they are not an
appropriate choice for daywear. As a young woman, your style choice should begin to reflect your maturity level. So, get rid of leggings and wear real pants!
Keep the cute factor to a minimum: Stay away from sweaters and T-shirts with smiling animals, cartoon characters, or Hello Kitty on them. Sure, kittens might be cute, but they’re not doing you any favors in the style department. Dressing too cutesy can take years off your look, and not necessarily in a good way!
26. The second paragraph indicates the importance of ________.
A. impressing professors
B. getting on well with classmates
C. creating a professional image
D. dressing appropriately
27. The author believes that college girls should ________.
A. choose a logo that suits their age
B. try to load up on well-known logos
C. use logos to show who they are
D. find their identity by trying different logos
28. The author recommends wearing real pants because ________.
A. leggings and baggy shirts are too common
B. yoga pants and sweatpants are not as comfortable
C. real pants can present you with appropriate maturity
D. people like real pants better than the other pants
29. What’s the writer’s attitude towards sweaters with animals on them?
A. They make people look lovely.
B. They are very fashionable these days.
C. They will show you’re an animal lover.
D. They are not suitable for college-aged students.
30. In which magazine would you most likely find this passage?
A. Business Week. B. Parents.
C. In style. D. Travel & Leisure.
B
A 33-year-old financial analyst in California recently quit his job to devote himself to an unpaid job teaching math on the Internet, and his lessons are reaching almost 100,000 people a month. Salman Khan’s voice is heard every day on the net --- by tens of thousands of students around the world who are hungry for help learning math. He has posted 1,200 lessons on YouTube ... lessons that appear on an electronic blackboard, which range from basic addition to advanced mathematics for science and finance. And they are free.
Khan lives in Silicon Valley, with his wife, a doctor, and their new baby. He got the idea for his “Khan
Academy” four years ago, when he taught a young cousin how to convert kilograms to grams. With Khan’s help, the cousin got good at math, and Khan began a new career.
Now, Khan records his lessons himself, but he never goes on camera. “It feels like my voice in their head. You’re looking at it and it feels like someone’s over your shoulder talking in your ear, as opposed to someone at the blackboard, which is distant from you,” he said.
When Springfield High School in Palo Alto, California invited Khan to speak in person --- he immediately connected to the students there.
The idea of short lessons that can be played over and over again attracted high school senior Bridget Meaney. She says she had trouble with math in the seventh grade. “I think the teachers are good, but they can’t teach at a speed that’s perfect for everyone,” she said. “I like the idea of learning something in class but then going back and pressing pause or rewind and actually getting a deeper understanding of it.”
“Education researchers now tell me that 10 minutes is how long someone can have a high level of concentration. And anything beyond that and your brain switches off,” he said.
For Khan, teaching math, science, and finance is just the beginning. He says he’s ready to expand his YouTube site to include other subjects as well.
31. What gave Khan the idea of teaching math online?
A. His success in helping his cousin learn math.
B. His discovery that many students found learning math difficult.
C. A suggestion made to him at a local high school.
D. His interest in Internet teaching.【2011年广州一模】
32. Why does Khan never go on camera?
A. He’s too shy to show his face on camera.
B. It’s restricted by YouTube for education videos.
C. He wants to keep distance from the viewers.
D. He wants to create a more relaxed learning atmosphere.
33. From the passage, we know that ________.
A. Khan travels to many schools to promote his lessons
B. Khan plans to include more subjects in the future
C. Khan gives live math lessons every day for free
D. Khan set up the Khan Academy with his wife
34. Why does Bridget Meaney like Khan’s lessons?
A. Khan teaches seventh grade math better than her teacher.
B. The lessons can be watched repeatedly until fully understood.
C. She can perfectly follow the pace of Khan’s teaching.
D. She cannot concentrate when learning in class.
35. What does Khan mean by “short is better” in the 6th paragraph?
A. Keeping the lessons short can ensure better concentration.
B. YouTube recommends short lessons for its site.
C. Short lessons encourage students to return to the website.
D. Students enjoy short mathematics lessons more.
C
team of Larry and Meagan Johnson --- has figured out that on some American job sites, five generations are working side by side.
In their new book about generations in the workplace the pair argue that while such an age difference adds a lot of texture and a variety of life experiences, it can also bring tensions and conflicts.
The Johnsons are human-resource trainers and public speakers. Dad Larry is a former health-care executive; daughter Meagan is a onetime high-level sales manager.
Here are the oldest and youngest of the five generations they identify:
They call the oldest group Traditionals, born before 1945. They were heavily influenced by the lessons of the Great Depression and World War Two. They respect authority, set a high standard of workmanship, and
communicate easily and confidently. But they’re also stubbornly independent. They want their opinions heard. At the other extreme are what the Johnsons call Linksters, born after 1995 into today’s more complicated, multi-media world. They live and breathe technology and are often social activists.
You won’t find many 15-year olds in the offices of large companies, except as volunteers, of course, but quite old and quite young workers do come together in sales environments like bike shops and ice-cream stores.
The Johnsons, Larry and Meagan, represent a generation gap themselves in their work with jobsite issues. The Johnsons’ point is that as the average lifespan continues to rise and retirement dates get delayed because of the
tight economy, people of different generations are working side by side, more often bringing with them very different ideas about company loyalty and work values.
The five generations are heavily influenced by quite different events, social trends, and the cultural phenomena of their times. Their experiences shape their behavior and make it difficult, sometimes, for managers to achieve a strong and efficient workplace.【2011年广州一模】
Larry and Meagan Johnson discuss all this in greater detail in a new book, “Generations, Inc.: From Boomers to Linksters --- Managing the Friction Between Generations at Work,” published by Amacom Press, which is available in all good bookstore from this Friday.
36. The type of generation gap in paragraph 1 refers to the difference in beliefs ________.
A. between managers and workers
B. among family members
C. among employees
D. between older and newer companies
37. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Traditionals?
A. They’ve learned much from war and economic disaster.
B. They’re difficult to work with as they are stubborn.
C. They respect their boss and hope to be respected.
D. They’re independent workers with great confidence.
38. According to the passage, the Linksters are usually ________.
A. found working in the offices of large companies
B. influenced by media and technology
C. enthusiastic multi-media activists
D. ice-cream sellers
39. According to the passage, modern workforces are more diverse because ________.
A. people want to increase their average lifespan
B. many young people are entering the workforce
C. employees with different values can benefit their companies
D. retirement dates are being delayed for economic reasons
40. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To promote a new book by Larry and Meagan Johnson.
B. To describe the five different workplace generations.
C. To introduce the Johnsons’ research about diverse workforces.
D. To identify a major problem in modern workforces.
D
The drug store was closing for the night and Alfred Higgins was about to go home when his new boss approached him.
“Empty your pockets please, Alfred,” Sam Carr demanded in a firm voice.
Alfred pretended to be shocked but he knew he’d been caught. From his coat he withdrew a make-up kit, a lipstick and two tubes of toothpaste.
“I’m disappointed in you, Alfred!” said the little gray-haired man.
“Sorry, sir. Please forgive me. It’s the first time I’ve ever done such a thing,” Alfred lied, hoping to gain the old man’s sympathy.
2011年广州市高中毕业班综合测试（一）
理科综合能力测试
—、单项选择题：本大题共16小题，每小题4分，共64分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求，选对的得4分，选错或不答的得0分。
13．某一时刻，所有的地球同步卫星 （ ）
A．向心力相同 B．线速度相同
C．向心加速度相同 D．离地心的距离相同
14．右图是远距离输电的示意图，下列说法正确的是 （ ）
A．a是升压变压器，b是降压变压器
B．a是降压变压器，b是升压变压器
C．a的输出电压等于b的输人电压
D．a的输出电压等于输电线上损失的电压
7415．首次用实验验证“爱因斯坦质能方程”的核反应方程是：3Li1HKe已知12H，
16．用能量为5．0eV的光子照射某金属表面，金属发射光电子的最大初动能为1．5eV,则该金属的逸出功为 （ ）
A．1．5eV B．3．5eV C．5．OeV D．6．5eV
二、双项选择题：本大题共9小题，每小题6分，共54分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，有两个选项符合题目要求，全部选对得6分，只选1个且正确的得3分，有选错或不答的得0分。
17．某高速列车沿直线运动的图象如右图，则该列车 （ ）
A．0 ~30s时间内的位移小于9 X 102m
B．30s时的速度等于30m/s
C．0〜60s时间内做匀加速运动
D．90s ~ 120s时间内做匀速运动
18．下列说法正确的是 （ ）
A．汽车车速越快，惯性越大
B．以额定功率运动的汽车，车速越快，牵引
力越大
C．汽车在水平公路上转弯时，车速越快，越容易滑出路面
D．汽车拉着拖车加速前进时，它对拖车的拉力与拖车对它的拉力大小相等
19．如图，在正点电荷Q形成的电场中，AD、BC
是以Q为圆心的两段圆弧．正点电荷q沿
移动，则该电荷q A．沿BC运动时不受电场力作用 （ ）
mLi=7.0160u,mH=1.0078u,mHe=4.0026u，则该核反应方程中的尺值和质量亏损分别是 （ ） A．1 和 4．0212u B．1 和 2．0056u C．2 和 0．0186u D．2 和 1．9970u
B．沿DA运动时电场力不做功
C．在B点时的电势能比在D点时小
D．在A点时受到的电场力比在C点时小
20．一定质量的理想气体由状态A变化到状态B，压强随体积变化的关系如下图，这个过程
（ ）
A．气体的密度一直变小
B．气体的温度一直降低
C．气体一直对外界做功
D．气体一直向外界放热
21．如图，金属棒ab、cd与足够长的水平光滑金属导轨垂直且接触良好，匀强磁场垂直导轨所在的平
面．ab棒在恒力F作用下向右运动，则 （ ）
A．安培力对ab棒做正功
B．安培力对cd棒做正功
C．abdca回路的磁通量先增加后减少
D．F做的功等于回路产生的总热量和系统动能增
量之和
三、非选择题：本大题共11小题，共182分。按题目要求作答。解答题应写出必要的文字说明、方程式
和重要演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分。有数值计算的题，答案必须明确写出数值和单位。
34．（1）（8分）用下图所示的实验装置来验证牛顿第二定律
①为消除摩擦力的影响，实验前平衡摩擦力的具体操作为：取下______________，把木板不带滑轮
的一端适当垫高并反复调节，直到轻推小车后，小车能沿木板做_______运动．
②某次实验测得的数据如下表所示．根据这些数据在坐标图中描点并作出a线求得合外力大小为________N （计算结果保留两位有效数字）．
11图线，从a图mm
（2）（10分）某同学测量一节干电池的电动势和内阻时，用aa、bb、cc、dd、de和fb
共6根导线连成如图甲所示的实验电路图．
①请根据电路图在图乙的实物图中完成余下电路的连线．
②如果这6根导线中仅有一根内部断了，其它器材及连接均完好，现闭合开关，发现电流表、电压表的示数均为零，由此可以肯定内部没有断的导线有de、fb和 ． ．．．
③闭合开关的情况下，要求用多用表对逐根导线进行排査并找出断导线，正确的操作是：将选择开关旋至_____挡（填“Ω×10”、“直流电压2．5V"或“直流电流10mA"）、把______ （选填“红”或“黑”）表笔固定在a点，另一支表笔依次接a′、b′、c′、d′„。如果某次检测时，表盘指针如图丙所示，其读数为____________．
35．（18分）如图所示，相距为A板间电压为U的平行金属板M、N间有垂直纸面向里、磁感应强度为
B0的匀强磁场；在pOy区域内有垂直纸面向外、磁感应强度为B的匀强磁场；这pOx区域为无场区．
一正离子沿平行于金属板、垂直磁场射人两板间并做匀速直线运动，从H（0，a）点垂直y轴进入
第I象限，经Op上某点离开磁场，最后垂直x轴离开第I象限．求：
（1）离子在金属板M、N间的运动速度；
（2）离子的荷质比q； m
（3）离子在第I象限的磁场区域和无场区域内运动的时间之比．
36．（18分）如图，绝缘水平地面上有宽L=0．4m的匀强电场区域，场强E = 6 x 105N/C、方向水平向
左．不带电的物块B静止在电场边缘的O点，带电量q5105N/C、质量mA1102kg的物块A在距O点s = 2．25m处以Vo =5m/s的水平初速度向右运动，并与B发生碰撞，假设碰撞前后A、B构成的系统没有动能损失．A的质量是B的K （K>1）倍，A、b与地面间的动摩擦因数都为μ=0．2，物块均可视为质点，且A的电荷量始终不变，取g = 10m/S2．
（1）求A到达O点与B碰撞前的速度大小；
（2）求碰撞后瞬间A和B的速度大小；
（3）讨论K在不同取值范围时电场力对A做的功．
试卷类型:A
2011年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）
参考公式：
A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5
数 学 （理 科） 2011.3
本试卷共4页，21小题， 满分150分. 考试用时120分钟.
ab
6. “ab” 是“ab”成立的
2
A．充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件
2
1
锥体的体积公式VSh,其中S为锥体的底面面积,h为锥体的高.
32
球的表面积公式S4R, 其中R为球的半径．
如果事件A、B互斥，那么PABPAPB．
C. 充要条件 D. 既不充分也不必要条件
7. 将18个参加青少年科技创新大赛的名额分配给3所学校, 要求每校 至少有一个名额且各校分配的名额互不相等, 则不同的分配方法种数为 A．96 B．114
一、选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，满分40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项
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